Hyphenation ofпротивосифилитическое
Syllable Division:
про-ти-во-си-фи-ли-ти-че-ско-е
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prɐtʲɪvɐsʲɪfʲɪlʲɪˈtʲit͡ɕɪskəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000001000
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('ти' in 'ли-ти́-че-ско-е').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset 'pr', nucleus 'a'
Open syllable, onset 'tʲ', nucleus 'i'
Open syllable, onset 'v', nucleus 'a'
Open syllable, onset 'sʲ', nucleus 'i'
Open syllable, onset 'fʲ', nucleus 'i'
Open syllable, onset 'lʲ', nucleus 'i'
Open syllable, onset 'tʲ', nucleus 'i'
Open syllable, onset 't͡ɕ', nucleus 'e'
Open syllable, onset 'sk', nucleus 'o'
Open syllable, nucleus 'jə'
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: противо-
Old Slavic origin, meaning 'against', 'counter-'
Root: сифилис-
Neo-Latin/Greek origin, refers to syphilis
Suffix: -итическ-
Adjective-forming suffix
Relating to the prevention or treatment of syphilis.
Translation: Anti-syphilitic
Examples:
"противосифилитическое лечение (anti-syphilitic treatment)"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar suffix structure (-icheskoye), complex consonant clusters.
Similar suffix structure (-icheskoye), vowel reduction patterns.
Similar suffix structure (-icheskoye), consonant clusters.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime
Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with preceding consonants forming the onset and following consonants forming the coda.
Maximizing Onsets
Consonant clusters are broken up to maximize the number of consonants in the onset of a syllable.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa-like sounds (/ɐ/ or /jə/).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before 'i', complex consonant clusters requiring careful onset-rime division.
Summary:
The word 'противосифилитическое' is a complex Russian adjective with ten syllables, stressed on the penultimate syllable. Syllabification follows the onset-rime principle, maximizing onsets and accounting for vowel reduction and consonant palatalization. It's morphologically composed of a prefix, root, and two suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "противосифилитическое" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "противосифилитическое" (protivosifiliticheskoye) is a complex adjective meaning "anti-syphilitic." It's a relatively uncommon word, primarily found in medical contexts. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: противо- (protivo-) - From Old Slavic, meaning "against," "counter-."
- Root: сифилис- (sifilis-) - From Neo-Latin syphilis, ultimately from Greek. Refers to the disease syphilis.
- Suffix: -итическ- (-itichesk-) - A suffix forming adjectives denoting a relationship to something, often derived from a noun.
- Suffix: -ое (-oye) - Adjectival ending, indicating neuter gender, nominative/accusative singular.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: про-ти-во-си-фи-ли-ти́-че-ско-е.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prɐtʲɪvɐsʲɪfʲɪlʲɪˈtʲit͡ɕɪskəjə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| про | /prɐ/ | Onset-Rime: 'p' is the onset, 'r' is the nucleus, and 'a' is the coda. Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. | 'o' is reduced to /ɐ/ due to unstressed position. |
| ти | /tʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 't' is the onset, 'i' is the nucleus. | Palatalization of 't' due to following 'i'. |
| во | /vɐ/ | Onset-Rime: 'v' is the onset, 'o' is the nucleus. | 'o' is reduced to /ɐ/ due to unstressed position. |
| си | /sʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 's' is the onset, 'i' is the nucleus. | Palatalization of 's' due to following 'i'. |
| фи | /fʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'f' is the onset, 'i' is the nucleus. | Palatalization of 'f' due to following 'i'. |
| ли | /lʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'l' is the onset, 'i' is the nucleus. | Palatalization of 'l' due to following 'i'. |
| ти | /tʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 't' is the onset, 'i' is the nucleus. | Palatalization of 't' due to following 'i'. |
| че | /t͡ɕe/ | Onset-Rime: 't͡ɕ' is the onset, 'e' is the nucleus. | 't͡ɕ' is a palatalized affricate. |
| ско | /skə/ | Onset-Rime: 'sk' is the onset, 'o' is the nucleus. | |
| е | /jə/ | Syllable with a vowel following a consonant. | 'e' is reduced to /jə/ in unstressed position. |
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian allows for complex consonant clusters, and the syllabification must account for these. The word contains several such clusters (e.g., 'pr', 'sf', 'tl'). The rule of maximizing onsets is applied where possible.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., modifying a noun).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: противосифилитическое (protivosifiliticheskoye)
- Translation: Anti-syphilitic
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: (rarely used) антисифилитическое (antisifiliticheskoye)
- Antonyms: (none directly applicable)
- Examples: "противосифилитическое лечение" (anti-syphilitic treatment).
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as given, some regional variations might exhibit slightly different vowel reductions or palatalization degrees. However, the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| фотографическое (fotograficheskoye) | fo-to-gra-fi-che-sko-ye | Similar suffix structure (-icheskoye), complex consonant clusters. |
| биологическое (biologicheskoye) | bi-o-lo-gi-che-sko-ye | Similar suffix structure (-icheskoye), vowel reduction patterns. |
| психологическое (psikhologicheskoye) | psi-kho-lo-gi-che-sko-ye | Similar suffix structure (-icheskoye), consonant clusters. |
The syllable division in these words follows the same principles of maximizing onsets and forming syllables around vowel nuclei. The presence of palatalized consonants and vowel reductions is also consistent across these examples.
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