Hyphenation ofстанкоинструментальную
Syllable Division:
стан-ко-ин-стру-мен-та́ль-ную
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/stan.kɔ.ɪn.stru.mʲen.taˈlʲnə.jʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000010
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('та́ль').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction possible.
Closed syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, palatalization.
Stressed syllable, closed syllable, palatalization.
Closed syllable, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
None
Root: станкоинструмент
Combination of 'stanok' (machine) and 'instrument' (tool) roots.
Suffix: альную
Adjectival suffix, feminine singular.
Relating to or characteristic of machine tools.
Translation: Machine-tool (as an adjective)
Examples:
"станкоинструментальная промышленность"
"станкоинструментальная продукция"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar adjectival structure with alternating consonants and vowels.
Similar compound structure with consonant clusters.
Similar root + suffix combination, relating to instruments.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Prioritizes creating syllables with a vowel nucleus.
Sonority Hierarchy
Groups consonants based on their sonority to facilitate syllable breaks.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Breaks up consonant clusters to create open syllables, but maintains common combinations.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction (akan'ye and ikan'ye) affects pronunciation but not orthographic syllable division.
The long sequence of consonants requires frequent syllable breaks.
Summary:
The word 'станкоинструментальную' is a complex Russian adjective divided into seven syllables: стан-ко-ин-стру-мен-та́ль-ную. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable. It's formed from the roots 'stanok' and 'instrument' with adjectival suffixes. Syllabification follows the open syllable principle and sonority hierarchy, resolving consonant clusters where possible.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "станкоинструментальную" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "станкоинструментальную" is a long, complex adjective in Russian. It describes something related to machine tools. Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of the Russian language.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create syllables with vowels as nuclei), and considering the sonority hierarchy, the word is divided as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- станко- (stanko-) - Root. Origin: Derived from "станок" (stanok - machine, lathe). Denotes "machine tool".
- -инструмент- (-instrument-) - Root. Origin: International root, ultimately from Latin "instrumentum" (tool, instrument). Denotes "instrument".
- -альный (-al'nyy) - Suffix. Origin: Latin/French influence. Forms an adjective.
- -ную (-nuyu) - Suffix. Origin: Slavic. Feminine singular short-form adjective ending. Indicates gender, number, and case.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: стан-ко-ин-стру-мен-та́ль-ную.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/stan.kɔ.ɪn.stru.mʲen.taˈlʲnə.jʊ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule is to break them up as much as possible to create open syllables, but certain consonant combinations are treated as units (e.g., "ст" is often kept together). Vowel reduction (akan'ye and ikan'ye) also affects pronunciation but doesn't change the orthographic syllable division.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were used as part of a compound noun, the stress pattern might shift, but the syllable division would remain largely the same.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or characteristic of machine tools.
- Translation: Machine-tool (as an adjective).
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (feminine, singular, instrumental case).
- Synonyms: машиностроительный (mashinostroitel'nyy - machine-building), относящийся к станкам (otnosyashchiysya k stankam - pertaining to machine tools).
- Antonyms: ручной (ruchnoy - manual, hand-operated).
- Examples:
- станкоинструментальная промышленность (stankoinstrumental'naya promyshlennost' - machine-tool industry)
- станкоинструментальная продукция (stankoinstrumental'naya produktsiya - machine-tool products)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- машиностроительный (mashinostroitel'nyy): ма-ши-но-стро-и-тель-ный. Similar syllable structure with alternating consonants and vowels.
- автомобилестроение (avtomobilestroeniye): ав-то-мо-би-ле-стро-е-ни-е. Also features consonant clusters and vowel reduction.
- электроинструмент (elektroinstrument): э-лек-тро-ин-стру-мент. Demonstrates a similar pattern of root + suffix combination.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant and vowel sequences in each word. "станкоинструментальную" has a particularly long sequence of consonants, requiring more frequent syllable breaks.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation and syllabification are as described above, some regional variations in vowel reduction might occur. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Division Rules:
- Open Syllable Principle: Attempt to create syllables with a vowel as the nucleus.
- Sonority Hierarchy: Consonants are grouped based on their sonority (ability to be pronounced with voice).
- Consonant Cluster Resolution: Break up consonant clusters to create open syllables, but maintain certain common combinations (e.g., "ст").
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.