Hyphenation ofультрацентрифугирования

Linguistic Analysis of "ультрацентрифугирования" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "ультрацентрифугирования" is a complex nominalization derived from a verb. It refers to the process of ultracentrifugation. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the sonority hierarchy and avoidance of single-letter syllables, the word is divided as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• ультра- (ultra-): Prefix of Latin origin, meaning "beyond" or "extremely." Functions as an intensifier.
• центрифуг- (centrifug-): Root of Latin origin (from centrifugus), denoting "centrifugal force" or "centrifuge."
• -ирован- (-irovann-): Suffix derived from the past passive participle suffix -нн- combined with the reflexive suffix -ся, indicating a process or result of an action.
• -ия (-iya): Suffix forming a noun of action (nominalization).
• -го (-go): Genitive case ending.
• -ва- (-va): Part of the suffix -ирован-
• -ни- (-ni): Part of the suffix -ирован-

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: ультрацентрифу́гирования.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ʊlʲtrɐt͡sɛntrʲɪfʊɡɪˈrovənʲɪjə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification allows for some flexibility, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the division presented here adheres to the principle of maximizing onsets and avoiding single-letter syllables.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is a noun, specifically a gerundial noun (nominalization of a verb). Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The process of separating substances of different densities using a centrifuge at very high speeds.
• Translation: Ultracentrifugation
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine, genitive singular)
• Synonyms: None readily available as it's a highly specific technical term.
• Antonyms: None applicable.
• Examples:
  • "Исследование проводилось методом ультрацентрифугирования." (The study was conducted using the method of ultracentrifugation.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• информации (information): ин-фор-ма-ци-и. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress is also penultimate.
• организации (organization): ор-га-ни-за-ци-и. Similar suffixation and syllable division patterns.
• ситуации (situation): си-ту-а-ци-и. Demonstrates the common -ия nominalization suffix and syllable structure.

The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant clusters present in each word. "ультрацентрифугирования" has a more complex initial cluster and a longer suffix, leading to a greater number of syllables.

10. Division Rules:

• Sonority Principle: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants grouped around it based on their sonority.
• Onset Maximization: Consonants are assigned to the onset of a syllable whenever possible.
• Avoidance of Single-Letter Syllables: Russian avoids syllables consisting of a single consonant.
• Vowel Reduction: Unstressed vowels are reduced in pronunciation (e.g., 'o' to 'a').

11. Special Considerations:

The word's length and complex morphology present a challenge for syllabification. The presence of the prefix "ультра-" and the long suffix "-ирования" require careful application of the syllable division rules.