Hyphenation ofcontre-indiquées

Analysis of "contre-indiquées"

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "contre-indiquées" is a French adjective meaning "contraindicated." It's a complex word formed by a prefix, a root, and a suffix, and exhibits typical French phonological features like nasal vowels and liaison possibilities. The pronunciation involves a blend of consonant clusters and vowel sounds characteristic of the language.

2. Syllable Division:

Following French syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters unless they are pronounceable as separate syllables, the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: contre- (Latin contra - "against"). Function: Opposition, negation.
• Root: indiqu- (Latin indicare - "to point out, to show"). Function: Core meaning related to indication.
• Suffix: -ées (French feminine plural past participle ending). Function: Grammatical marking for gender, number, and tense/aspect.

4. Stress Identification:

In French, stress generally falls on the last syllable of a word or phrase. In this case, the stress falls on the final syllable "-ées".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kɔ̃tʁ‿ɛ̃di.ke/

6. Edge Case Review:

The liaison between "contre" and "indiquées" is a key consideration. The final 'e' of "contre" is typically silent, but it elides with the initial vowel of "indiquées" creating a smooth transition. The 'r' sound is a uvular fricative, typical of standard French.

7. Grammatical Role:

"Contre-indiquées" is an adjective. As an adjective, the stress pattern remains consistent. If it were part of a verb phrase (e.g., "être contre-indiquées" - to be contraindicated), the stress would still primarily fall on the final syllable of the adjective.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Not recommended or advisable; presenting a medical reason why something should not be done.
• Translation: Contraindicated
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (feminine plural)
• Synonyms: Déconseillées, interdites (depending on context)
• Antonyms: Recommandées, conseillées
• Examples:
  • "Les vaccins sont contre-indiqués pour les personnes allergiques." (Vaccines are contraindicated for people with allergies.)
  • "Ce médicament est contre-indiqué pendant la grossesse." (This medication is contraindicated during pregnancy.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• "contre-indications" (contraindications): con-tʁ‿ɛ̃.di.ka.sjɔ̃. Similar syllable structure, with the final syllable differing due to the suffix.
• "indiquées" (indicated): ɛ̃.di.ke. A shorter word, but shares the root and suffix, demonstrating the consistent syllabification of the root and suffix.
• "contre-attaque" (counterattack): kɔ̃tʁ‿a.tak. Shows the prefix "contre" followed by a consonant cluster, similar to the target word.

Syllable Breakdown Details:

• con-: /kɔ̃/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Exception: Nasal vowel.
• tre-: /tʁ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel.
• in-: /ɛ̃/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel. Exception: Nasal vowel. Liaison with the following syllable.
• di-: /di/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel.
• quée: /ke/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• -ées: /e/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel.

Division Rules Applied:

1. Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are generally formed around vowel sounds.
2. Consonant Cluster Handling: Consonant clusters are kept together unless they can be naturally separated by a vowel sound.
3. Liaison Consideration: Liaison between words influences syllable boundaries.

Special Considerations:

• The nasal vowels /ɔ̃/ and /ɛ̃/ require special attention as they affect syllable weight and pronunciation.
• The elision between "contre" and "indiquées" is a crucial phonetic feature.
• The final 'e' in "contre" is silent but influences the liaison.

Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as described above, some regional variations might exist in the articulation of the 'r' sound (e.g., alveolar trill in some southern regions). However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.