Hyphenation ofutmattelsesbrudd
Syllable Division:
ut-matt-el-ses-brudd
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ʉtˈmɑtːɛlsəsˌbrʉdː/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
10001
Primary stress falls on the first syllable ('ut'). The remaining syllables are unstressed.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset 'ut'
Closed syllable, geminate consonant 'tt'
Open syllable, onset 'el'
Closed syllable, onset 'ses'
Closed syllable, geminate consonant 'dd'
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
Root: brudd
Old Norse origin, meaning 'fracture'
Suffix: utmattelse
Derived from 'utmatt' (exhausted) + '-else' (state/condition), Germanic origin
A stress fracture, typically referring to a bone fracture caused by repetitive stress.
Translation: Stress fracture
Examples:
"Han fikk et utmattelsesbrudd i foten etter langvarig trening."
"Utmattelsesbrudd er vanlige blant løpere."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters and stress pattern.
Compound noun, stress on the first element, similar syllable division principles.
Compound noun, stress on the first syllable, demonstrating typical Nynorsk pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onset
Prioritize placing consonants at the beginning of syllables.
Geminate Consonant Rule
Geminate consonants are generally maintained within a single syllable.
Vowel-Initial Syllable
Syllables beginning with vowels are formed naturally.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The geminate consonants 'tt' and 'dd' affect syllable weight. The compound nature of the word requires consideration of morpheme boundaries, but syllable division is based on phonological structure.
Summary:
The word 'utmattelsesbrudd' is a Nynorsk compound noun meaning 'stress fracture'. It is divided into five syllables: ut-matt-el-ses-brudd, with primary stress on the first syllable. Syllable division follows the principles of maximizing onsets and maintaining geminate consonants within syllables.
Detailed Analysis:
Analysis of "utmattelsesbrudd" (Norwegian Nynorsk)
1. Pronunciation Considerations:
The word "utmattelsesbrudd" is a compound noun in Nynorsk. It's pronounced with a relatively even rhythm, though the first syllable receives primary stress. The 'tt' represents a geminate consonant, which is phonologically significant in Norwegian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable), the word breaks down as follows (using only the original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- utmattelse - (Root + Suffix) - Derived from 'utmatt' (exhausted) + '-else' (a suffix denoting a state or condition). Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Noun formation.
- brudd - (Root) - Meaning 'fracture' or 'break'. Origin: Old Norse. Morphological function: Noun.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the first syllable: ut-matt-el-ses-brudd.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ʉtˈmɑtːɛlsəsˌbrʉdː/
6. Edge Case Review:
The geminate 'tt' in 'utmattelse' is crucial. It affects syllable weight and influences the pronunciation. The 's' before 'brudd' is a common linking sound in compounds.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Utmattelsesbrudd" is exclusively a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical context within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A stress fracture, typically referring to a bone fracture caused by repetitive stress.
- Grammatical Category: Noun (masculine gender)
- Translation: Stress fracture
- Synonyms: Belastningsbrudd (load fracture)
- Antonyms: (None directly applicable, as it's a specific type of injury)
- Examples:
- "Han fikk et utmattelsesbrudd i foten etter langvarig trening." (He got a stress fracture in his foot after prolonged training.)
- "Utmattelsesbrudd er vanlige blant løpere." (Stress fractures are common among runners.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- Langvarig: lang-va-rig /lɑŋˈvɑːriɡ/ - Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress on the first syllable.
- Fotballsko: fot-ball-sko /fɔtˈbɑlːsko/ - Compound noun, stress on the first element. Syllable division follows similar principles.
- Helsevesen: hel-se-ve-sen /hɛlˈsəveːsən/ - Compound noun, stress on the first syllable. Demonstrates the typical Nynorsk pattern of stressing the first element in compounds.
10. Syllable Analysis Breakdown:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ut | /ʉt/ | Open syllable, onset 'ut' | Maximizing Onset | None |
| matt | /mɑtː/ | Closed syllable, geminate consonant 'tt' | Maximizing Onset, Geminate Consonant Rule | Geminate 'tt' increases syllable weight. |
| el | /ɛl/ | Open syllable, onset 'el' | Vowel-initial syllable | None |
| ses | /səs/ | Closed syllable, onset 'ses' | Maximizing Onset | None |
| brudd | /brʉdː/ | Closed syllable, geminate consonant 'dd' | Maximizing Onset, Geminate Consonant Rule | Geminate 'dd' increases syllable weight. |
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Maximize Onset: Prioritize placing consonants at the beginning of syllables.
- Geminate Consonant Rule: Geminate consonants (double consonants) are generally maintained within a single syllable.
- Vowel-Initial Syllable: Syllables beginning with vowels are formed naturally.
12. Special Considerations:
The compound nature of the word requires careful consideration of morpheme boundaries. However, syllable division is based on phonological structure, not necessarily morpheme boundaries.
13. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the provided IPA transcription represents standard Nynorsk pronunciation, regional variations might exist in vowel quality or the degree of gemination. These variations would likely not significantly alter the syllable division.
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This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
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