Hyphenation ofвоздухонепроницаемая

Linguistic Analysis of "воздухонепроницаемая" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "воздухонепроницаемая" (vozdushnonepronitsayemaya) is a long adjective meaning "airtight" or "impermeable to air." Its pronunciation involves a complex interplay of consonants and vowels, typical of Russian morphology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: воз- (voz-) - From Old East Slavic, meaning "air" or "relating to air."
• Root: дух- (dukh-) - From Proto-Slavic *duchъ, meaning "spirit," "breath," or "air."
• Interfix: -о- (-o-) - A common interfix in Russian compound words, connecting the prefix and root.
• Root: непроница- (nepronitsa-) - From Proto-Slavic *ner- + *pronica, meaning "not penetrating," "impermeable."
• Suffix: -ем- (-em-) - A passive participle suffix.
• Suffix: -ая (-aya) - Adjectival feminine singular ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: воз-ду-хо-не-про-ни́-ца-е-ма-я.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɐzˈdʊxəˌnʲeprənʲɪˈtsaɪ̯əməjə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets, but vowel clusters can sometimes lead to ambiguity. In this case, the vowel clusters are resolved based on established pronunciation patterns.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. While it can theoretically be used to form a related adverb, the syllabification remains consistent.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Airtight, impermeable to air.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (feminine singular nominative)
• Translation: Airtight
• Synonyms: герметичный (germetichnyy - hermetic), непроницаемый (nepronitsayemyy - impermeable)
• Antonyms: проницаемый (pronitsayemyy - permeable)
• Examples:
  • "Воздухонепроницаемая упаковка" (vozdushnonepronitsayemaya upakovka) - "Airtight packaging."
  • "Эта комната должна быть воздухонепроницаемой." (Eta komnata dolzhna byt' vozdukhnonepronitsayemoy) - "This room must be airtight."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• вода (voda - water): vo-da - Similar initial consonant cluster.
• окно (okno - window): ok-no - Similar syllable structure with a vowel-consonant ending.
• солнце (solntse - sun): sol-ntse - Demonstrates consonant cluster splitting.

The differences in syllable division arise from the varying complexity of the consonant clusters and the presence of vowel clusters in "воздухонепроницаемая."

Syllable Breakdown Details:

Division Rules Applied:

• Maximizing Onsets: The primary rule, aiming to include as many consonants as possible in the onset of a syllable.
• Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are generally divided around vowels.
• Palatalization: Consonants before front vowels (е, и, ё, ю, я) are often palatalized, influencing pronunciation and potentially syllable boundaries.

Special Considerations:

• The long sequence of consonants in "непроницаемая" requires careful application of the maximizing onsets rule.
• The interfix "-о-" is treated as a separate syllable due to its function and pronunciation.

Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Minor variations in vowel reduction might occur depending on the speaker's dialect, but these do not significantly alter the syllable division.