Hyphenation ofвоздухонепроницаемому

Linguistic Analysis of "воздухонепроницаемому" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "воздухонепроницаемому" is a long, complex adjective meaning "airtight" or "impermeable to air." Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• воз- (voz-): Prefix, derived from "воздух" (vozdúkh - air). Function: Indicates relation to air.
• -дух- (-dukh-): Root, from "воздух" (vozdúkh - air).
• -о- (-o-): Linking vowel.
• -непроница- (-nepronitsa-): Root, derived from "проницать" (pronitsat' - to penetrate). Function: Indicates the quality of not allowing penetration. The "не-" prefix negates the root.
• -ем- (-em-): Suffix, part of the passive participle formation.
• -ому (-omu): Suffix, dative/prepositional singular masculine/neuter case ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The stress falls on the penultimate syllable: воз-ду-хо-не-про-ни́-ца-е-мо-му.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɐzduxɐnʲɪprɐˈnʲit͡səɪ̯ɪmʊ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification can be complex due to consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key here. Vowel reduction (akan'ye/okan'ye) also plays a role in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the written syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the dative/prepositional singular case. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of case.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Не пропускающий воздух; герметичный (ne propuskayushchiy vozdukh; germetichnyy).
• Translation: Airtight, impermeable to air, hermetic.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: герметичный (germetichnyy), воздухонепроницаемый (vozdúkhonepronitsayemyy).
• Antonyms: проницаемый (pronitsayemyy), пористый (poristy).
• Examples:
  • "Упаковка должна быть воздухонепроницаемой." (Upakovka dolzhna byt' vozdukhonepronitsayemoy.) - "The packaging must be airtight."
  • "Контейнер был воздухонепроницаемым." (Konteyner byl vozdukhonepronitsayemym.) - "The container was airtight."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• воздухоплавательный (vozdúkhoplavatél'nyy) - "airborne" (во-зду-хо-пла-ва-тель-ный) - Similar prefix and root structure. Stress falls on the 'ва' syllable.
• непроницаемый (nepronitsayemyy) - "impenetrable" (не-про-ни-ца-е-мый) - Shares the "непроница-" root. Stress falls on the 'ца' syllable.
• водопроницаемый (vodopronitsayemyy) - "water-permeable" (во-до-про-ни-ца-е-мый) - Similar structure with a different prefix. Stress falls on the 'ца' syllable.

The differences in stress placement are due to the varying length and structure of the suffixes and the overall word length.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Russian favors CV syllables. This is applied throughout the word, breaking up consonant clusters where possible.
• Rule 2: Sonority Hierarchy: Consonants are grouped based on their sonority (ability to be pronounced as a vowel-like sound).
• Rule 3: Vowel-Consonant Boundary: Syllables are generally divided at vowel-consonant boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

The long consonant clusters (e.g., "хн") require careful consideration. The rule of maximizing open syllables is applied, but the resulting syllables may still be complex.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Akan'ye (vowel reduction in unstressed syllables) is prevalent in Moscow Russian. Okan'ye (full vowel pronunciation) is common in Northern Russian dialects. This affects pronunciation but not the written syllable division.