Hyphenation ofвоздухонепроницаемые

Linguistic Analysis of "воздухонепроницаемые" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "воздухонепроницаемые" (vozdúkhonepronítsayemyye) is a complex adjective meaning "airtight" or "impermeable to air." It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: воз- (voz-) - From Old East Slavic, meaning "air."
• Root: дух- (dukh-) - From Proto-Slavic *duchъ, meaning "spirit," "breath," and by extension, "air."
• Interfix: -о- (-o-) - Connects the root to the following prefix.
• Prefix: не- (ne-) - A negative prefix, indicating "not."
• Root: проница- (pronítsa-) - From Proto-Slavic *proniti, meaning "to penetrate," "to permeate."
• Suffix: -ем- (-em-) - A passive participle suffix.
• Suffix: -ые (-yye) - Plural adjective ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: воз-ду-хо-не-про-ни́-ца-е-мы-е.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɐzˈduxəˌnʲeprənʲɪˈtsaɪ̯ɪmʲɪjə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are often broken up, but vowel clusters are usually kept together within a syllable. The 'не' prefix can sometimes cause slight variations in pronunciation, but doesn't significantly alter syllabification.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. While Russian adjectives can sometimes be nominalized, the syllabification remains consistent.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Airtight, impermeable to air.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное)
• Translation: Airtight
• Synonyms: герметичный (germetichnyy - hermetic), непроницаемый (nepronitsayemyy - impermeable)
• Antonyms: проницаемый (pronitsayemyy - permeable)
• Examples:
  • "Воздухонепроницаемые контейнеры" - "Airtight containers."
  • "Упаковка должна быть воздухонепроницаемой." - "The packaging must be airtight."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• вода (vodá) - "water": vo-dá. Simple two-syllable structure.
• воздух (vozdúkh) - "air": voz-dúkh. Similar initial consonant cluster, but shorter overall.
• непроницаемый (nepronitsayemyy) - "impermeable": ne-pro-ni-tsa-ye-myy. Shares the root "pronitsa-" and similar suffixation, demonstrating consistent syllabification patterns.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Initial Syllables: Each vowel typically begins a new syllable.
• Rule 2: Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are broken up to create syllables, prioritizing maximizing onsets.
• Rule 3: Prefix/Suffix Boundaries: Syllable breaks often occur at prefix and suffix boundaries.
• Rule 4: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are structured to follow the sonority sequencing principle, with a gradual increase in sonority towards the syllable peak and a decrease afterwards.

11. Special Considerations:

The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables (e.g., 'o' becoming 'a') doesn't affect the syllable division itself, only the pronunciation. The complex morphology of the word requires careful identification of morpheme boundaries for accurate syllabification.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exist in vowel quality or stress placement, but these are unlikely to alter the fundamental syllable division.