Hyphenation ofвосемнадцатиградусной

Linguistic Analysis of "восемнадцатиградусной" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "восемнадцатиградусной" is a complex adjective meaning "eighteen-degree" (feminine, instrumental singular). It's formed through a series of prefixes and suffixes attached to a root. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): во-сем-над-ца-ти-гра-дус-ной

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• во- (prefix): Origin - Proto-Slavic. Function - Indicates a numerical quantity (eight).
• сем- (root): Origin - Proto-Slavic. Function - Represents the number seven.
• над- (prefix): Origin - Proto-Slavic. Function - Indicates addition or exceeding.
• ца- (part of the root/stem): Origin - Proto-Slavic. Function - Forms part of the numeral "eighteen".
• ти- (suffix): Origin - Proto-Slavic. Function - Forms the numeral "eighteen".
• гра- (root): Origin - Greek (via Slavic). Function - Relates to degrees (from "gradus").
• дус- (suffix): Origin - Slavic. Function - Forms part of the word relating to degrees.
• -ной (suffix): Origin - Slavic. Function - Adjectival ending, feminine, instrumental singular.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "дус": во-сем-над-ца-ти-гра-дус-ной.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɐˈsʲemnɐdtsətʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəj/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are often broken up, but the goal is to create syllables with a clear beginning and end. This word presents a challenge due to the long sequence of consonants and vowels.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. If it were used as part of a compound noun (less common), the stress pattern would likely remain the same, but the syllabification might be perceived differently by some speakers.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Eighteen-degree (feminine, instrumental singular).
• Translation: Eighteen-degree
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: (Context-dependent, relating to temperature or angles)
• Antonyms: (Context-dependent)
• Examples:
  • "Вода была восемнадцатиградусной." (The water was eighteen degrees.)
  • "Измеряли температуру восемнадцатиградусной жидкостью." (They measured the temperature with an eighteen-degree liquid.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• двадцатиградусной (twenty-degree): двa-дца-ти-гра-дус-ной. Similar structure, stress on "дус".
• тринадцатиградусной (thirteen-degree): тр-и-над-ца-ти-гра-дус-ной. Similar structure, stress on "дус".
• шестиградусной (six-degree): шес-ти-гра-дус-ной. Shorter numeral prefix, but the same "гра-дус-ной" ending and stress pattern.

The consistency in stress placement on "дус" across these examples highlights the importance of the root and suffix in determining the prosodic structure. The numeral prefixes vary in length and complexity, affecting the number of syllables, but not the core stress pattern.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel as Syllable Nucleus: Each syllable must contain a vowel.
• Rule 2: Maximizing Onsets: Consonant clusters are broken to create syllables with onsets whenever possible.
• Rule 3: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllable boundaries tend to occur after less sonorous consonants.
• Rule 4: Morphological Boundaries: Syllable boundaries often align with morpheme boundaries, but this is not a strict rule.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation. Unstressed vowels are often reduced to schwa-like sounds. This doesn't affect the syllabification (which is based on orthography), but it impacts the phonetic realization of the word.