Hyphenation ofзасвидетельствованного

Linguistic Analysis of "засвидетельствованного" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "засвидетельствованного" is a long, complex adjective in Russian, derived from the verb "свидетельствовать" (to testify, to certify). Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of the language.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word is divided as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: за- (za-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefixes verbs, often indicating the beginning of an action or completion.
• Root: свидетельство- (svidetel'stvo-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Core meaning related to "testimony," "evidence," or "certification." Derived from "свидетель" (witness).
• Suffix: -ованн- (-ovann-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Past passive participle suffix, indicating a completed action performed on the subject.
• Suffix: -ого (-ogo) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Genitive singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: засвиде́тельствованного.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/zɐˈsvʲɪdʲɪtʲɪlʲst̪vɐˈvɐnːəvəɡə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification can be complex due to consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key here. Vowel reduction (akan'ye/okan'ye) also plays a role in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the written syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the genitive singular masculine/neuter form. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical case.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Certified, attested, evidenced.
• Translation: Certified, attested, evidenced.
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: удостоверенный (udostoverennyy), подтвержденный (podtverzhdennyy)
• Antonyms: неофициальный (neofitsial'nyy) - unofficial, несертифицированный (nesertifitsirovannyy) - uncertified
• Examples:
  • "Засвидетельствованного документа" (Zasvidetel'stvovannogo dokumenta) - "The certified document."
  • "Засвидетельствованного факта" (Zasvidetel'stvovannogo fakta) - "The attested fact."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• достопримечательного (dostoprimetitel'nogo): до-сто-при-ме-ча-тель-но-го. Similar structure with multiple suffixes and consonant clusters. Stress falls on the fifth syllable.
• ответственного (otvetstvennogo): от-вет-ствен-но-го. Shorter, but shares the -ого ending and similar consonant clusters. Stress falls on the third syllable.
• удовлетворительного (udovletvoritel'nogo): у-дов-лет-во-ри-тель-но-го. Longer, with a different root, but similar suffixation and stress pattern. Stress falls on the fifth syllable.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the varying consonant clusters within the root morphemes. The consistent application of the open syllable principle and vowel reduction rules explains these variations.

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, regional variations in vowel reduction (akan'ye vs. okan'ye) might slightly alter the phonetic realization of unstressed vowels, but not the syllable division.

11. Division Rules:

• Open Syllable Principle: Attempts to create syllables of the form CV (consonant-vowel).
• Sonority Hierarchy: Consonants are grouped based on their sonority, with more sonorous consonants tending to form syllable peaks.
• Consonant Cluster Resolution: Complex consonant clusters are broken down based on the sonority hierarchy and the possibility of creating valid syllables.