Hyphenation ofконтрпропагандистском
Syllable Division:
контр-про-па-ган-дист-ском
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/kənʲtr‿prəpɐˈɡandʲɪstskəm/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000010
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable, 'дист'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Closed syllable, onset cluster 'кн', vowel 'о' as nucleus.
Open syllable, onset 'п', vowel 'о' as nucleus.
Open syllable, onset 'п', vowel 'а' as nucleus.
Closed syllable, onset 'г', vowel 'а' as nucleus.
Closed syllable, onset 'д', vowel 'и' as nucleus, palatalization.
Closed syllable, onset 'с', vowel 'о' as nucleus.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: контр-
From French 'contre', meaning 'counter-' or 'anti-'
Root: пропаган-
From Latin 'propagare', meaning 'to spread'
Suffix: -дист-ском
-дист- forms a noun denoting a person; -ском is an adjectival suffix, instrumental singular case.
Relating to or characteristic of counter-propaganda.
Translation: Counter-propaganda
Examples:
"Он работал в отделе контрпропагандистском."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'пропаган-', similar syllable structure.
Shares the prefix 'контр-', similar syllable structure.
Similar root-like structure, four syllables.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with vowels as syllable nuclei.
Onset Maximization
Consonant clusters are broken up to create pronounceable onsets, but some clusters like 'тр' are maintained.
Vowel as Syllable Nucleus
Each syllable must contain a vowel.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'в' sound after a consonant can be reduced in rapid speech.
Palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'е' does not affect syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'контрпропагандистском' is syllabified into six syllables: контр-про-па-ган-дист-ском. The stress falls on the fifth syllable. It's a complex adjective formed from a prefix, root, and suffixes, and its syllabification follows standard Russian phonological rules.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "контрпропагандистском" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "контрпропагандистском" is a complex adjective in Russian, derived from a noun. It's a relatively long word with several consonant clusters, which influences its syllabification. The pronunciation involves palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'е'.
2. Syllable Division:
контр-про-па-ган-дист-ском
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: контр- (from French contre via German/Polish), meaning "counter-", "anti-".
- Root: пропаган- (from Latin propagare via French/German), meaning "propaganda".
- Suffix: -дист- (Russian suffix), forming a noun denoting a person involved in the activity (propagandist).
- Suffix: -ском (Russian adjectival suffix, instrumental singular case).
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: контр-про-па-ган-дист-ском.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/kənʲtr‿prəpɐˈɡandʲɪstskəm/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that creates pronounceable syllables. The 'тр' cluster is often treated as a single onset.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the instrumental singular case. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of the case.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to a counter-propaganda specialist; of counter-propaganda.
- Translation: Counter-propaganda (specialist's)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: антипропагандистский (anti-propaganda)
- Antonyms: пропагандистский (propaganda)
- Examples:
- "Он работал в отделе контрпропагандистском." (He worked in the counter-propaganda department.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- пропаганда: про-па-ган-да (similar syllable structure, stress on the third syllable)
- контрмера: контр-ме-ра (similar prefix, two-syllable structure)
- агитатор: а-ги-та-тор (similar root-like structure, four syllables)
The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the length and complexity of "контрпропагандистском" and the addition of the longer suffix "-ском".
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with more sonorous sounds (vowels, liquids, nasals) forming syllable peaks.
- Rule 2: Onset Maximization: Consonant clusters are broken up to create pronounceable onsets, but clusters like 'тр' are often maintained.
- Rule 3: Vowel as Syllable Nucleus: Each syllable must contain a vowel.
- Rule 4: Russian Syllable Structure: Russian syllables generally follow a (C)V(C) structure.
11. Special Considerations:
The 'в' sound after a consonant is often reduced or elided in rapid speech, but it doesn't affect the syllabification. The palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'е' is a crucial phonetic feature but doesn't directly impact syllable division.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
There are no significant regional variations in the syllabification of this word. Pronunciation might vary slightly in terms of vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, but the syllable boundaries remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.