Hyphenation ofнационально-гражданский

Linguistic Analysis of "национально-гражданский" (natsional'no-grazhdanskiy)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "национально-гражданский" (natsional'no-grazhdanskiy) is a complex adjective meaning "national-civic" or "national-citizen." It's formed by compounding two adjectival stems. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel placement and consonant clusters, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: на- (na-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Often indicates a quality or attribute related to a nation or people.
• Root 1: национальн- (natsional'n-) - Origin: From French "national," ultimately from Latin "natio" (birth, people). Function: Relates to a nation.
• Interfix: -о- (-o-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Connects the two adjectival stems.
• Root 2: граждан- (grazhdan-) - Origin: From Old East Slavic "grazhdanin" (citizen). Function: Relates to citizenship.
• Suffix: -ский (-skiy) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms an adjectival suffix, indicating belonging or relation.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: на-ци-о-наль-но-граж-дан-ский.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/nɐt͡sʲɪˈnalʲnə ɡrɐʐˈdanskʲɪj/

6. Edge Case Review:

The hyphenated structure presents a slight edge case, as it's a compound adjective. However, syllabification proceeds as if it were a single, long word, respecting vowel-consonant boundaries.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word primarily functions as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to both national identity and civic rights/responsibilities.
• Translation: National-civic, national-citizen.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: общегражданский (obshchegrazhdanskiy - generally civic), патриотический (patrioticheskiy - patriotic)
• Antonyms: аполитичный (apolitichnyy - apolitical), космополитический (kosmopoliticheskiy - cosmopolitan)
• Examples:
  • "национально-гражданский долг" (natsional'no-grazhdanskiy dolg) - national-civic duty
  • "национально-гражданское самосознание" (natsional'no-grazhdanskoye samosoznaniye) - national-civic self-awareness

9. Phonological Comparison:

• национальный (natsional'nyy): на-ци-о-наль-ный. Syllable structure is similar, but lacks the second root and suffix.
• гражданский (grazhdanskiy): граж-дан-ский. Syllable structure is similar to the second part of the target word.
• международный (mezhdunarodnyy): меж-ду-на-род-ный. Demonstrates a similar pattern of vowel-consonant alternation in syllable formation.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Based Syllabification: Each vowel generally forms the nucleus of a syllable.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are split according to sonority, with more sonorous sounds tending to begin a syllable.
• Rule 3: Hyphenated Compounds: Hyphens do not prevent the application of standard syllabification rules to each component.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key consideration. The 'o' in "национально" is reduced to /ɐ/ in pronunciation.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Minor variations in vowel quality might occur depending on regional accents, but the core syllabification remains consistent.