Hyphenation ofнейрофизиологическими

Linguistic Analysis of "нейрофизиологическими" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "нейрофизиологическими" (neyrofiziologicheskimi) is a complex adjective meaning "neurophysiological" (plural, instrumental case). It's a relatively long word, typical of Russian morphology, built through extensive affixation. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, palatalization, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): ней-ро-фи-зи-о-ло-ги-че-ски-ми

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• нейро- (neyro-): Prefix of Greek origin (νεῦρον - neuron), meaning "neuro-".
• физио- (fizio-): Prefix of Greek origin (φύσις - physis), meaning "physio-".
• -лог- (-log-): Root of Greek origin (λόγος - logos), meaning "study of".
• -ическ- (-ichesk-): Suffix of Slavic origin, forming adjectives from nouns (related to "ический").
• -и- (-i-): Linking vowel.
• -ми (-mi): Suffix indicating plural instrumental case (adjectival).

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "-ло-" (lo) in "ло-ги-че-ски-ми".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/nʲeɪ̯rəfʲɪzʲɪəlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕeskʲɪmʲɪ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that creates pronounceable syllables. The presence of palatalized consonants (indicated by the 'ʲ' in the IPA) influences syllable structure.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether it's used attributively or predicatively.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• нейрофизиологическими (neyrofiziologicheskimi)
  • Part of Speech: Adjective
  • Definitions:
    • "Relating to neurophysiology."
    • Translation: "Neurophysiological"
  • Synonyms: (None readily available as a single-word equivalent)
  • Antonyms: (None readily available)
  • Examples:
    • "Нейрофизиологическими исследованиями были выявлены новые закономерности." (Neurophysiological studies revealed new patterns.)
    • "Эти данные имеют нейрофизиологическими подтверждения." (These data have neurophysiological confirmation.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• психологическими (psikhologicheskimi): "psychological" - Syllable division: пси-хо-ло-ги-че-ски-ми. Similar structure, same suffixes. Stress falls on "-ло-".
• философскими (filosofskimi): "philosophical" - Syllable division: фи-ло-соф-ски-ми. Similar suffix structure, stress on "-соф-".
• биологическими (biologicheskimi): "biological" - Syllable division: би-о-ло-ги-че-ски-ми. Similar suffix structure, stress on "-ло-".

The consistent stress on the "-ло-" syllable in these words highlights a common pattern in adjectives formed with the "-лог-" or similar roots and the "-ическ-" suffix.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with more sonorous sounds (vowels) forming syllable nuclei.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up to create permissible syllable onsets and codas.
• Rule 3: Vowel-Based Division: Vowels generally separate syllables.
• Rule 4: Palatalization Influence: Palatalized consonants often influence syllable boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation, but doesn't affect the written syllable division. The instrumental plural suffix "-ми" is a common ending and doesn't present any unusual syllabification challenges.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel quality might occur depending on regional accents. However, these variations wouldn't significantly alter the syllable division.