Hyphenation ofобщераспространённые
Syllable Division:
об-ще-рас-про-стра-нён-ны
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐˈɕːɛrɐsprɐstrɐˈnʲɵnːɨjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0100101
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('стра' in 'распространённые').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, prefix.
Open syllable, prefix.
Open syllable, root.
Closed syllable, suffix, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, suffix, plural ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: об-
Old Slavic, meaning 'around, about, concerning'.
Root: рас-про-стран-
Proto-Slavic, meaning 'spread, distribute, foreign, strange, side'.
Suffix: -ённ-ые
Slavic, passive participle suffix and plural adjective ending.
Common, widespread, generally accepted, prevalent.
Translation: Common, widespread
Examples:
"Общераспространённые знания"
"Общераспространённое мнение"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar root and suffix structure, demonstrating consonant cluster handling.
Similar prefix structure and syllable division.
Demonstrates syllabification with multiple consonant clusters.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed around the most sonorous sound (typically a vowel).
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken up to maximize syllable onsets and codas.
Prefix/Suffix Separation
Prefixes and suffixes generally form separate syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'ё' influences pronunciation but not syllabification.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a phonetic phenomenon, not a syllabic one.
Summary:
The word 'общераспространённые' is syllabified into seven syllables based on the sonority sequencing principle and consonant cluster resolution. It consists of a prefix 'об-', a complex root 'рас-про-стран-', and a suffix '-ённ-ые'. The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable. The word is an adjective meaning 'common' or 'widespread'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "общераспространённые" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "общераспространённые" (obshcherasprostranyonnyye) is a relative adjective meaning "common, widespread, generally accepted." It's a complex word with multiple morphemes and presents some challenges in syllabification due to consonant clusters. The pronunciation involves palatalization and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: об- (ob-) - Old Slavic, meaning "around, about, concerning." Functions to create a derivative adjective.
- Root: рас- (ras-) - Proto-Slavic, meaning "spread, distribute." Functions as a prefix modifying the root.
- Root: про- (pro-) - Proto-Slavic, meaning "through, forward." Functions as a prefix modifying the root.
- Root: стран- (stran-) - Proto-Slavic, meaning "foreign, strange, side." Forms the core meaning related to spreading.
- Suffix: -ённ- (-yonn-) - Slavic, passive participle suffix, indicating a state or quality.
- Suffix: -ые (-yye) - Slavic, plural adjective ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: о́бщераспространённые.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐˈɕːɛrɐsprɐstrɐˈnʲɵnːɨjə/
6. Edge Case Review:
Consonant clusters (e.g., "стр") are common in Russian and are generally resolved by forming syllables around the vowels. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical case or number.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Common, widespread, generally accepted, prevalent.
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Translation: Common, widespread
- Synonyms: обыкновенные (obyknovennyye - ordinary), распространённые (rasprostranyonnyye - distributed)
- Antonyms: редкие (redkiye - rare), необычные (neobychnye - unusual)
- Examples:
- Общераспространённые знания (Obshcherasprostranyonnyye znaniya) - Common knowledge.
- Общераспространённое мнение (Obshcherasprostranyonnoye mneniye) - A widespread opinion.
9. Phonological Comparison:
- распространённый (rasprostranyonnyy): рас-про-стра-нён-ный. Similar syllable structure, demonstrating the handling of consonant clusters.
- общепринятые (obshcheprinyatye): об-ще-при-ня-тые. Shows how prefixes are syllabified.
- беспрецедентные (bespretsedentnye): бес-пре-це-ден-т-ные. Demonstrates syllabification with multiple consonant clusters.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed around the most sonorous sound (typically a vowel).
- Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that maximizes syllable onsets and codas, respecting phonotactic constraints.
- Rule 3: Prefix/Suffix Separation: Prefixes and suffixes generally form separate syllables.
11. Special Considerations:
The palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'ё' influences pronunciation but doesn't directly affect syllabification based on written form. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a phonetic phenomenon, not a syllabic one.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.