Hyphenation ofобщеупотребительному

Linguistic Analysis of "общеупотребительному" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "общеупотребительному" is a Russian adjective meaning "commonly used" or "of common usage." It's a relatively long word with a complex morphological structure. Pronunciation involves several vowel reductions typical of unstressed syllables in Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: об- (ob-) - Old Slavic, prefix denoting "around," "about," or "common."
• Root: ще- (shche-) - Proto-Slavic root related to the concept of "giving," "counting," or "being." In this context, it contributes to the idea of "general" or "public."
• Suffixes:
  • -у- (-u-) - connecting vowel
  • -потреб- (-potreb-) - from потребность (potrebnost’) – “need”, derived from Old Slavic *potreba.
  • -и- (-i-) - connecting vowel
  • -тельн- (-tel’n-) - suffix forming adjectives from nouns, denoting quality or relation.
  • -ому (-omu) - dative/locative singular masculine/neuter ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: о-бще-у-по-треб-и-тель-но-му.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɐˈɕːɛʊpɐˈtrʲɛbʲɪˈtʲɛlʲnəmʊ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets, but vowel reduction in unstressed syllables can complicate the perceived syllable boundaries. The presence of the soft consonants (palatalized) also influences pronunciation and can affect syllable weight.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the dative/locative singular masculine/neuter form. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical case, though stress can shift in other forms of the adjective.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Commonly used, of common usage, widespread.
• Translation: Commonly used (English)
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: распространённый (rasprostranyonnyy) - widespread, обычный (obychnyy) - common
• Antonyms: редкий (redkiy) - rare, необычный (neobychnyy) - uncommon
• Examples:
  • "Это общеупотребительное слово." (Eto obshcheupotrebitel'noye slovo.) - "This is a commonly used word."
  • "Общеупотребительному языку присуща простота." (Obshcheupotrebitel'nomu yazyku prisushcha prostota.) - "Commonly used language is characterized by simplicity."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• распространённый (rasprostranyonnyy): ра-с-про-стра-нён-ный - Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
• обыкновенный (obyknovennyy): о-бы-кно-вен-ный - Shares the -нный suffix and similar vowel patterns.
• необходимый (neobkhodimy): не-об-хо-ди-мый - Demonstrates a different prefix structure but shares the -имый suffix.

The differences in syllable division arise from the varying consonant clusters and vowel sequences within each word. "общеупотребительному" has a more complex initial consonant cluster and a longer suffix chain.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with sounds arranged from more sonorous (vowels) to less sonorous (consonants).
• Rule 2: Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are generally split to create syllables with onsets and codas, prioritizing the preservation of onsets.
• Rule 3: Vowel Groupings: Vowel groupings are often separated into distinct syllables, especially when they represent different morphemes or create diphthongs.
• Rule 4: Morphological Boundaries: Syllable boundaries often align with morpheme boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor. The "о" in "обще" is reduced to /ɐ/ in pronunciation. The palatalization of consonants influences syllable weight and pronunciation.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant palatalization. These variations generally do not affect the core syllable division.