Hyphenation ofпротивотуберкулезного
Syllable Division:
про-ти-во-ту-бер-ку-ле́з-но-го
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prətʲɪvɐtʊbʲɪrkʊlʲɪˈznoɡə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
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Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'ле́з'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, consonant followed by vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant followed by vowel.
Open syllable, vowel reduction in unstressed position.
Open syllable, consonant followed by vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant followed by vowel.
Open syllable, consonant followed by vowel.
Stressed syllable, consonant followed by vowel, vowel quality influenced by stress.
Open syllable, vowel reduction in unstressed position.
Open syllable, vowel reduction in unstressed position.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: про-
Slavic origin, meaning 'against', 'counter', or 'preventive'.
Root: туберкулез-
International scientific root, derived from Latin *tuberculum*, referring to tuberculosis.
Suffix: -ного
Slavic origin, adjectival genitive singular ending.
Relating to the prevention or treatment of tuberculosis.
Translation: Anti-tuberculosis, antitubercular
Examples:
"противотуберкулезного диспансера"
"противотуберкулезное лечение"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'противо-' prefix and similar suffix structure.
Shares the 'противо-' prefix, demonstrating consistent prefix syllabification.
Shares the root 'туберкулез', illustrating consistent root syllabification.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Russian syllabification prioritizes creating open (CV) syllables whenever possible.
Consonant-Vowel Alternation
Syllables are generally formed around alternating consonants and vowels.
Palatalization
Palatalized consonants form their own syllable onset.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Russian pronunciation and affects syllable quality but not division.
Consonant clusters are handled according to sonority hierarchies, but the primary rule remains the open syllable principle.
Summary:
The word 'противотуберкулезного' is syllabified based on the open syllable principle, prioritizing CV structures. It consists of nine syllables with stress on the penultimate syllable. The word is morphologically complex, comprising a Slavic prefix, an international root, and a Slavic suffix. Syllabification is consistent with similar Russian words.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "противотуберкулезного" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "противотуберкулезного" is a long, complex adjective in Russian, derived from a noun. It describes something related to the prevention or treatment of tuberculosis. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: про- (pro-) - Slavic origin, meaning "against," "counter," or "preventive."
- Root: туберкулез- (tuberkulez-) - International scientific root, derived from Latin tuberculum (small swelling), referring to tuberculosis.
- Suffix: -ного (-nogo) - Slavic origin, adjectival genitive singular ending, indicating belonging or relation.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: про-ти-во-ту-бер-ку-ле́з-но-го.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prətʲɪvɐtʊbʲɪrkʊlʲɪˈznoɡə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- про- /prə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. No exceptions.
- ти- /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Palatalized consonant followed by vowel. No exceptions.
- во- /və/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. Vowel reduction is common in unstressed syllables.
- ту- /tʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. No exceptions.
- бер- /bʲɪr/ - Open syllable. Rule: Palatalized consonant followed by vowel. No exceptions.
- ку- /kʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. No exceptions.
- ле́з- /lʲɛz/ - Stressed syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. Stress influences vowel quality.
- но- /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. Vowel reduction.
- го /ɡə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. Vowel reduction.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the above breakdown adheres to the most common and accepted rules.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the genitive singular case. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of case.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to the prevention or treatment of tuberculosis.
- Translation: Anti-tuberculosis, antitubercular.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: противотуберкулёзный (protivotuberkuleznyi - nominative singular)
- Antonyms: None directly applicable.
- Examples:
- "противотуберкулезного диспансера" (protivotuberkuleznogo dispansera) - "anti-tuberculosis dispensary"
- "противотуберкулезное лечение" (protivotuberkuleznoe lechenie) - "anti-tuberculosis treatment"
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor regional variations in vowel reduction might occur, but the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- противоположного (protivopolozhnogo) - "opposite" - Syllable division: про-ти-во-по-ло́ж-но-го. Similar structure with prefix and suffixes.
- противодействия (protivodeystviya) - "opposition" - Syllable division: про-ти-во-дей-ст-ви-я. Similar prefix, different root and suffix.
- туберкулёзный (tuberkuleznyi) - "tuberculous" - Syllable division: ту-бер-ку-лёз-ный. Shares the root "туберкулез" and exhibits similar syllabic patterns.
The differences in syllable division arise primarily from the varying lengths and structures of the roots and suffixes. However, the fundamental principles of open syllable preference and consonant-vowel alternation remain consistent across these words.
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