Hyphenation ofпротивотуберкулёзный

Linguistic Analysis of "противотуберкулёзный" (protivotuberkulyoznyy)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "противотуберкулёзный" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "anti-tuberculosis" or "antitubercular." It's characterized by a long sequence of consonants and vowels, posing challenges for syllabification. The pronunciation involves palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'ё'.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: противо- (protivo-) - From Old Slavic, meaning "against," "opposed to." Function: Denotes opposition or counteraction.
• Root: туберкуль- (tuberkul-) - From Latin tuberculum (small swelling, tubercle), via French tuberculose. Function: Relates to tuberculosis.
• Suffix: -ёзный (-yoznyy) - A suffix forming adjectives from nouns, often denoting a characteristic or pertaining to something. Origin: Derived from French -eux and ultimately Latin -eus. Function: Adjectival formation.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: про-ти-во-ту-бер-ку-лёз-ный.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/prətʲɪvɐtʊbʲɪrkʊˈlʲɵznɨj/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

7. Syllable Division Rules:

• Open Syllable Preference: Russian favors open syllables (ending in a vowel).
• Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are generally broken up according to sonority hierarchy, but certain clusters are permissible, especially at the beginning of a word or within a root.
• Palatalization Influence: Palatalization of consonants affects syllable structure, as palatalized consonants tend to form their own syllables or combine with the following vowel.

8. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:

The word is primarily an adjective. While it doesn't typically change form to function as other parts of speech, variations in stress and vowel reduction can occur in rapid speech, but the syllable division remains consistent.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: противотуберкулёзный (protivotuberkulyoznyy)
• Translation: Anti-tuberculosis, antitubercular
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: антитуберкулезный (antituberkuleznyy)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable.
• Examples:
  • "противотуберкулёзный диспансер" (protivotuberkulyoznyy dispanser) - anti-tuberculosis dispensary
  • "противотуберкулёзные препараты" (protivotuberkulyoznyye preparaty) - anti-tuberculosis drugs

10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel reduction might occur, particularly in unstressed syllables. However, the core syllable division remains consistent. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel in "лё" to a schwa-like sound.

11. Phonological Comparison:

The syllable division in "противотуберкулёзный" aligns with these examples in its preference for open syllables and handling of consonant clusters. The complexity arises from the length of the word and the presence of palatalized consonants.