Hyphenation ofпятидесятидолларовую
Syllable Division:
пя-ти-де-ся-ти-дол-ла-ро-ву-ю
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pʲætʲɪdʲɪˈsʲætʲɪdɐˈlarəvʊjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010010001
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('де').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable with a palatalized onset.
Open syllable with a palatalized onset.
Open syllable with a palatalized onset, primary stress.
Open syllable with a palatalized onset.
Open syllable with a palatalized onset.
Open syllable, onset followed by a stressed vowel.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, glide onset.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
None
Root: пять-десять
Proto-Slavic origins, meaning 'five-ten'
Suffix: -ти-долларов-ую
Connecting vowel, dollar derivation, feminine adjectival ending
Relating to or costing fifty dollars.
Translation: fifty-dollar
Examples:
"Она купила пятидесятидолларовую куртку."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Numeral formation, similar CV structure.
Numeral formation, similar CV structure.
Numeral formation, similar CV structure, compounding.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed around a sonority peak (vowel).
Onset-Rime Structure
Each syllable consists of an onset and a rime.
Palatalization Rule
Consonants preceding palatal vowels are palatalized.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced in quality.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is significant.
Palatalization of consonants affects pronunciation.
The foreign origin of 'dollar' introduces a slight phonetic variation.
Summary:
The word 'пятидесятидолларовую' is a complex feminine adjective meaning 'fifty-dollar'. It's syllabified into ten syllables with primary stress on 'де'. The analysis considers morphemic structure, phonetic transcription, and relevant Russian phonological rules, including palatalization and vowel reduction.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "пятидесятидолларовую" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "пятидесятидолларовую" is a feminine singular adjective meaning "fifty-dollar". It's a complex word formed through compounding and inflection. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
пя-ти-де-ся-ти-дол-ла-ро-ву-ю
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: None
- Root:
- пять (pyat’) – "five" (Proto-Slavic origin)
- десять (desyat’) – "ten" (Proto-Slavic origin)
- Suffixes:
- -ти- (-ti-) – connecting vowel, forming the numeral "fifty" (Proto-Slavic origin)
- -долларов- (-dollarov-) – derived from "dollar" (English origin, via other European languages) – genitive plural form indicating possession/relation.
- -ую (-uyu) – feminine singular adjectival ending, indicating agreement with a noun. (Slavic origin)
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: де.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pʲætʲɪdʲɪˈsʲætʲɪdɐˈlarəvʊjʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Explanation | Potential Exceptions |
|---|---|---|---|
| пя | /pʲætʲ/ | Onset-rime structure. 'п' is a consonant onset, 'я' forms the rime. | Palatalization of 'п' before 'я'. |
| ти | /tʲɪ/ | Consonant onset 'т', vowel rime 'и'. | Palatalization of 'т' before 'и'. |
| де | /dʲɪ/ | Consonant onset 'д', vowel rime 'е'. | Palatalization of 'д' before 'е'. This syllable receives primary stress. |
| ся | /sʲætʲ/ | Consonant onset 'с', vowel rime 'я'. | Palatalization of 'с' before 'я'. |
| ти | /tʲɪ/ | Consonant onset 'т', vowel rime 'и'. | Palatalization of 'т' before 'и'. |
| дол | /dɐˈlar/ | Consonant onset 'д', vowel rime 'о'. | Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. |
| ла | /la/ | Consonant onset 'л', vowel rime 'а'. | |
| ро | /rɐ/ | Consonant onset 'р', vowel rime 'о'. | Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. |
| ву | /vʊ/ | Consonant onset 'в', vowel rime 'у'. | |
| ю | /jʊ/ | Glide onset 'й', vowel rime 'у'. |
7. Syllable Division Rules Applied:
- Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed around a sonority peak (vowel). Consonants are assigned to the syllable with the higher sonority vowel.
- Onset-Rime Structure: Each syllable consists of an onset (initial consonant(s)) and a rime (vowel and any following consonants).
- Palatalization Rule: Consonants preceding palatal vowels (я, е, и, ю) are often palatalized.
- Vowel Reduction: Unstressed vowels are reduced in quality.
8. Exceptions & Special Cases:
- The word is long and complex, increasing the potential for vowel reduction and subtle pronunciation variations.
- The presence of multiple palatalized consonants requires careful attention to their articulation.
9. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:
The word is primarily an adjective. If used as part of a compound noun (e.g., "пятидесятидолларовая купюра" - a fifty-dollar bill), the stress and syllabification remain largely the same.
10. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: пятидесятидолларовую
- Translation: fifty-dollar (feminine singular adjective)
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "Relating to or costing fifty dollars."
- Synonyms: None direct, but can be paraphrased as "стоимостью в пятьдесят долларов" (costing fifty dollars).
- Antonyms: None direct.
- Examples:
- "Она купила пятидесятидолларовую куртку." (She bought a fifty-dollar jacket.)
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Syllable Structure |
|---|---|---|
| двадцать (twenty) | два-дцать | CV-CVC |
| сорок (forty) | со-рок | CV-CVC |
| шестьдесят (sixty) | шесть-де-сят | CVC-CV-CVC |
All three words exhibit a similar CV-based syllable structure. "пятидесятидолларовую" is more complex due to the compounding and the inclusion of the foreign-derived "dollar" element, resulting in a longer sequence of syllables. The presence of palatalized consonants is also common in all these words.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.