Hyphenation ofхимико-технологический

Linguistic Analysis of "химико-технологический" (khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "химико-технологический" (khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy) is a complex adjective meaning "chemical-technological" or "chemico-technological." It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: химико- (khimiko-) - Derived from химия (khimiya - chemistry), ultimately from Greek khēmeía. Function: Specifies the domain of technology.
• Root: технолог- (tekhnolog-) - Derived from Greek tékhnē (art, skill) + logos (study, word). Function: Core meaning related to technology.
• Suffix: -ический (-icheskiy) - A common adjectival suffix in Russian, often indicating belonging or relation. Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms an adjective.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: хи-ми-ко-тех-но-ло-ги́-че-ский.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/xʲɪˈmʲɪkə tʲɪx.nə.ləˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/

6. Syllable List with IPA and Rule Explanations:

• хи- /xʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. No special cases.
• ми- /mʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Palatalization of 'м' due to following 'и'.
• ко- /kə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Vowel reduction in unstressed position.
• тех- /tʲɪx/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'е'.
• но- /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Vowel reduction in unstressed position.
• ло- /lə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Vowel reduction in unstressed position.
• ги́- /ɡʲɪ/ - Stressed syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Full vowel pronunciation.
• че- /t͡ɕɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Affricate 'ч' followed by vowel.
• ски- /skʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Palatalization of 'с' due to following 'и'.
• й /j/ - Syllabic consonant. Rule: 'й' can form a syllable on its own, especially after vowels.

7. Syllable Division Rules Applied:

• Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants grouped according to their sonority.
• Russian Syllable Structure: Russian syllables generally follow a (C)V(C) structure.
• Vowel Reduction: Unstressed vowels are reduced in quality (e.g., 'о' becomes 'ə').
• Palatalization: Consonants are palatalized before front vowels (е, и, ё, ю, я).

8. Exceptions & Special Cases:

• The compound nature of the word requires careful consideration of morpheme boundaries.
• Vowel reduction is a significant factor in determining syllable boundaries and pronunciation.
• The presence of the soft sign (ь) doesn't create a separate syllable but affects the preceding consonant's pronunciation.

9. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:

The word primarily functions as an adjective. While it could theoretically be used in a nominalized form, the syllabification would remain largely unchanged.

10. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: химико-технологический (khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy)
• Translation: Chemico-technological
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • Relating to both chemistry and technology.
  • Involving the application of chemical principles to technological processes.
• Synonyms: химический и технологический (khimicheskiy i tekhnologicheskiy - chemical and technological)
• Antonyms: (Difficult to define a direct antonym, as it's a compound term)
• Examples:
  • "химико-технологический процесс" (khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy protsess - chemico-technological process)
  • "химико-технологический институт" (khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy institut - chemico-technological institute)

11. Phonological Comparison:

• биологический (biologicheskiy): /bʲɪ.ləˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/ - Similar syllable structure, stress pattern, and suffix.
• физико-математический (fiziko-matematicheskiy): /fʲɪˈzʲikə mətʲɪˈmətʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/ - Compound adjective with similar structure, vowel reduction, and stress.
• экономический (ekonomicheskiy): /ɪ.kə.nəˈmʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/ - Shares the "-ический" suffix and similar vowel reduction patterns.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the specific consonant clusters and vowel sequences within each word. However, the underlying principles of Russian syllabification remain consistent.