Hyphenation ofresponsabilizar-lhe-ei

Linguistic Analysis of "responsabilizar-lhe-ei" (Portuguese)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "responsabilizar-lhe-ei" is a complex verb form in Portuguese, specifically the future subjunctive of the verb "responsabilizar" (to hold responsible) conjugated with a clitic pronoun and a personal ending. Its pronunciation involves a series of syllables, each governed by Portuguese phonological rules.

2. Syllable Division:

The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maintaining original orthography, is: re-spon-sa-bi-li-zar-lhe-ei

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: re- (Latin) - Intensifier, indicating repetition or a renewed action.
• Root: sponsa- (Latin sponsus, past participle of spondere - to pledge, promise) - Related to the idea of obligation or commitment.
• Suffix: -bilizar (Latin -bilis + -izare) - Creates a verb denoting the capacity to become or to make something happen.
• Clitic Pronoun: lhe- (Portuguese) - Indirect object pronoun (to him/her/you formal).
• Personal Ending: -ei (Portuguese) - Future subjunctive first-person singular ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable of the verb stem, "bi" in "responsabilizar". This is a standard rule for words ending in vowels or 's' in Portuguese.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ʁɛ.spõ.sɐ.bi.li.zaɾ.ʎe.ɐj/

6. Edge Case Review:

The combination of the verb, clitic pronoun, and personal ending creates a complex structure. The 'lh' digraph represents /ʎ/, a palatal lateral approximant. The final '-ei' is a contracted form of the future subjunctive ending.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is a verb form (future subjunctive). Syllabification remains consistent regardless of the verb's tense or mood.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: To hold someone responsible, to make someone accountable.
• Part of Speech: Verb (Future Subjunctive)
• Translation: I will hold him/her/you (formal) responsible.
• Synonyms: responsabilizar, imputar, culpar
• Antonyms: desculpar, absolver
• Examples: "Se eu puder, responsabilizar-lhe-ei pelas consequências." (If I can, I will hold you responsible for the consequences.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• possibilitar (to enable): pos-si-bi-li-tar - Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• responsabilidade (responsibility): res-pon-sa-bi-li-da-de - Shares the root "responsa-", stress on the penultimate syllable.
• civilizar (to civilize): ci-vi-li-zar - Similar suffix "-izar", stress on the penultimate syllable.

The consistent stress pattern on the penultimate syllable in these words demonstrates a common feature of Portuguese phonology. The difference lies in the prefixes and initial consonant clusters.

Detailed Syllable Analysis:

Division Rules Applied:

1. Vowel Rule: Syllables are generally divided around vowels.
2. Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are often kept together within a syllable, especially when they form a recognizable phonological unit (e.g., 'sp', 'r').
3. Penultimate Stress Rule: Words ending in vowels, 's', or 'm' are typically stressed on the penultimate syllable.

Special Considerations:

• The clitic pronoun "lhe" is treated as a separate syllable despite being enclitic.
• The final "-ei" is a contracted form, but its syllabification follows the standard rules for diphthongs and vowels.
• The 'r' sound in "zar" is a tapped or trilled 'r', depending on the regional accent.

Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Brazilian Portuguese may exhibit slight variations in vowel pronunciation and the realization of the 'r' sound. However, the syllable division remains largely consistent.