Hyphenation ofвоздухонепроницаемыми

Linguistic Analysis of "воздухонепроницаемыми" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "воздухонепроницаемыми" is a long, complex adjective meaning "airtight" or "impermeable to air." Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: воз- (voz-) - From the preposition "воз-" meaning "up," "out," or "away." It indicates a direction or result.
• Root: дух- (dukh-) - Meaning "air," "spirit," or "breath." Originates from Proto-Slavic *duxъ.
• Interfix: -о- (-o-) - A linking vowel, common in Russian compound words.
• Root: про- (pro-) - Prefix meaning "through," "completely," or "intensive."
• Root: ниц- (nits-) - From the root "ниц" meaning "penetrate".
• Suffix: -аем- (-aem-) - Present active participle suffix, indicating a quality or state.
• Suffix: -ыми (-ymi) - Adjectival ending, instrumental/genitive plural.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: воз-ду-хо-не-про-ни́-ца-е-мы-ми.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɐzduxɐnʲɪprɐˈnʲit͡səˈjemɨmʲɪ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key. Vowel reduction (akan'ye and ikan'ye) also affects pronunciation but doesn't change the orthographic syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Airtight, impermeable to air.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Translation: Airtight
• Synonyms: герметичный (germetichnyy - hermetic), непроницаемый (nepronitsayemyy - impenetrable)
• Antonyms: проницаемый (pronitsayemyy - permeable)
• Examples:
  • "Воздухонепроницаемые контейнеры" - "Airtight containers."
  • "Упаковка должна быть воздухонепроницаемой." - "The packaging must be airtight."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• воздухоплавательный (vozdukhoplavatel'nyy - airship): во-зду-хо-пла-ва-тель-ный. Similar initial syllable structure.
• проницаемость (pronitsayemost' - permeability): про-ни-ца-е-мость. Shares the "про-ниц-" root.
• непроницаемый (nepronitsayemyy - impenetrable): не-про-ни-ца-е-мый. Shares the "про-ниц-" root and similar suffix structure.

The syllable division in all these words follows the same principles of maximizing open syllables and respecting consonant clusters. The length and complexity of the consonant clusters influence the syllable structure.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Russian favors CV syllables. Consonants are generally assigned to the following vowel.
• Rule 2: Sonority Hierarchy: When consonant clusters occur, consonants are assigned to syllables based on their sonority (vowels > liquids > nasals > fricatives > stops).
• Rule 3: Vowel Grouping: Vowel clusters are generally split into separate syllables.

11. Special Considerations:

The word is exceptionally long and contains multiple prefixes and suffixes, making it a complex case. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations in vowel reduction might occur, but these do not alter the syllable division.

13. Short Analysis:

"воздухонепроницаемыми" is a complex Russian adjective meaning "airtight." It's syllabified based on the open syllable principle and sonority hierarchy, resulting in a division that reflects the word's morphemic structure. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable.