Hyphenation ofвосемнадцатиградусною
Syllable Division:
во-сем-над-цать-гра-дус-но-ю
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vɐˈsʲemnədtsətʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001000
Primary stress falls on the syllable 'гра' (gra) in 'градус' (gradus).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, stressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: восем-
Derived from the numeral 'восемь' (eight), indicating quantity.
Root: надцать
Derived from Proto-Slavic *nъdesętь* meaning 'ten', forming the 'teen' part of the number.
Suffix: градус-
Borrowed from Latin 'gradus' (step, degree), referring to the unit of measurement.
Eighteen-degree
Translation: Eighteen-degree
Examples:
"Угол был восемнадцатиградусною дугой."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.
Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.
Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Syllables tend to end in vowels to maximize openness.
Sonority Hierarchy
Consonant clusters are broken based on the sonority of the consonants.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters between vowels are split, with the first consonant joining the preceding vowel.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The length and complex morphology of the word.
The instrumental case ending '-ою' is a single syllable despite containing a diphthong.
Summary:
The word 'восемнадцатиградусною' is a complex Russian adjective meaning 'eighteen-degree'. It is syllabified based on the open syllable principle and sonority hierarchy, with stress on the 'гра' syllable. Its morphemic structure includes a numeral prefix, a root related to 'teen', and a Latin-derived root for 'degree', along with a case suffix.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "восемнадцатиградусною" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "восемнадцатиградусною" is a complex adjective meaning "eighteen-degree" (specifically, relating to angles or temperature). It's a highly inflected form, indicating feminine singular, instrumental case. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering the sonority hierarchy, the division is as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- восем- (vosem-): Prefix, derived from the numeral "восемь" (eight). Indicates the quantity "eighteen".
- -надцать (-nadtsat’): Root, derived from Proto-Slavic nъdesętь meaning "ten". Forms the "teen" part of the number.
- -градус- (-gradus-): Root, borrowed from Latin gradus (step, degree). Refers to the unit of measurement.
- -н- (-n-): Linking consonant, connecting the root to the suffix.
- -ою (-oyu): Suffix, indicating feminine singular, instrumental case.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the root syllable: гра́дус-но-ю.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vɐˈsʲemnədtsətʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəjʊ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key. Vowel reduction (akan’ye and ikan’ye) affects the pronunciation of unstressed vowels, but doesn't change the syllabic structure.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Eighteen-degree (feminine, instrumental singular).
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Translation: Eighteen-degree
- Synonyms: (Context-dependent, relating to angles or temperature)
- Antonyms: (Context-dependent)
- Examples: "Угол был восемнадцатиградусною дугой." (The angle was an eighteen-degree arc.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- двадцатьградусную (dvadtsat’gradusnuyu) - "twenty-degree": Syllable division: два-дцать-гра-дус-но-ю. Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.
- шестнадцатиградусною (shestnadtsat’gradusnoyu) - "sixteen-degree": Syllable division: шест-на-дцать-гра-дус-но-ю. Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.
- тридцатиградусною (tridtsat’gradusnoyu) - "thirty-degree": Syllable division: три-дцать-гра-дус-но-ю. Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.
The consistent pattern across these words highlights the regular application of Russian syllabification rules, particularly the preference for open syllables and the placement of stress on the root.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Syllables tend to end in vowels.
- Rule 2: Sonority Hierarchy: Consonant clusters are broken in a way that maximizes sonority (vowels > liquids > nasals > fricatives > stops).
- Rule 3: Consonant Cluster Resolution: When a consonant cluster occurs between vowels, the cluster is usually split, with the first consonant joining the preceding vowel.
11. Special Considerations:
The word's length and complex morphology present a challenge. The instrumental case ending "-ою" is a single syllable despite containing a diphthong.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.