Hyphenation ofинтернационалистскою
Syllable Division:
ин-тер-на-ци-о-на-ли́ст-ско-ю
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɪntʲɪrˈnatsɪənəlʲɪstskəjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001001100
Primary stress falls on the third syllable 'на' (natsionalist-) and the seventh syllable 'ли́ст' (list). The stress is dynamic and can shift in other grammatical forms.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Closed syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, stressed syllable.
Closed syllable, affricate.
Open syllable, reduced vowel.
Open syllable, reduced vowel.
Closed syllable, stressed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, reduced vowel.
Closed syllable, reduced vowel, palatalization.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: интер-
Latin origin, meaning 'between, among'
Root: национал-
Latin origin (via French), meaning 'national'
Suffix: -ист-ск-ою
French/German origin (-ист), Slavic origin (-ск, -ою), forming adjective and grammatical case ending
Relating to or supporting internationalism; a female internationalist (in the instrumental case, indicating agency or means).
Translation: Internationalist (feminine, instrumental singular)
Examples:
"Она выступала как интернационалистскою активисткою."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the same root and initial syllables, demonstrating consistent syllabification patterns.
Shares the root 'национал-', illustrating similar syllabic structure.
Demonstrates a similar pattern of consonant clusters and vowel reduction, though the root is different.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Principle
Syllables are formed around a sonority peak (vowel), with consonants assigned to maximize sonority.
Open Syllable Preference
Russian favors open syllables (ending in a vowel).
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken up based on the sonority hierarchy.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'ю'.
The complex morphology of the word requires careful consideration of morphemic boundaries.
Summary:
The word 'интернационалистскою' is a complex Russian adjective syllabified based on the sonority principle and open syllable preference. It consists of a Latin-derived prefix and root, combined with Slavic suffixes. Stress falls on the third syllable, and vowel reduction occurs in unstressed positions. The syllabification is consistent with similar words in Russian, though the length and complexity of the word present unique challenges.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "интернационалистскою" (internatsionalistskoyu)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "интернационалистскою" is a highly complex, derived adjective in Russian, meaning "internationalist" (feminine, instrumental singular). It's formed through multiple suffixes attached to a root borrowed from international scientific vocabulary. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables to end in a vowel), and considering the sonority hierarchy, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: интер- (inter-) - Latin origin, meaning "between," "among."
- Root: национал- (natsional-) - Latin origin (via French), meaning "national."
- Suffix 1: -ист (-ist) - French/German origin, forming a noun denoting a person who adheres to a doctrine or ideology.
- Suffix 2: -ск- (-sk-) - Slavic origin, forming an adjective.
- Suffix 3: -ою (-oyu) - Slavic origin, feminine instrumental singular ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: ин-тер-на-ци-о-на-ли́ст-ско-ю.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɪntʲɪrˈnatsɪənəlʲɪstskəjʊ/
6. Edge Case Review:
The word presents challenges due to the long sequence of consonants and vowel reductions in unstressed syllables. The 'о' in '-ою' is reduced to /ʊ/ in unstressed position.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the feminine instrumental singular form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical case, though vowel reduction patterns will vary depending on stress placement in other forms.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or supporting internationalism; a female internationalist (in the instrumental case, indicating agency or means).
- Translation: Internationalist (feminine, instrumental singular)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (Context-dependent) миротворец (mirotvorets - peacemaker), гуманист (gumanist - humanist)
- Antonyms: националист (natsionalist - nationalist)
- Examples:
- "Она выступала как интернационалистскою активисткою." (Ona vystupala kak internatsionalistskoyu aktivistkoyu.) - "She acted as an internationalist activist."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- интернациональный (internatsional'nyy): ин-тер-на-ци-о-наль-ный. Similar syllable structure, stress on the same syllable. The final suffix differs, leading to a different ending syllable.
- национальность (natsional'nost'): на-ци-о-наль-ность. Shares the root национал- and similar syllabic patterns.
- коммунистический (kommunisticheskiy): ком-му-ни-сти-че-ский. Demonstrates a similar pattern of consonant clusters and vowel reduction, though the root is different.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Sonority Principle: Syllables tend to be formed around a sonority peak (vowel). Consonants are assigned to the syllable that maximizes sonority.
- Rule 2: Open Syllable Preference: Russian favors open syllables (ending in a vowel).
- Rule 3: Consonant Cluster Resolution: When consonant clusters occur, they are typically broken up based on the sonority hierarchy, with more sonorous consonants being drawn into the following syllable.
- Rule 4: Morphological Boundaries: Syllable division often respects morphemic boundaries, but this is secondary to the phonological principles.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.