Hyphenation ofкардиоревматологические
Syllable Division:
кар-ди-о-рев-ма-то-ло-ги-че-ски-е-ски
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/kɐrʲdʲɪɐ̯rʲɪvʲmɐtɐlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪjɪ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000000100011
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('ги' in 'логические').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction possible.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, soft consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: кардио-
From Greek *kardia* (heart), denotes relation to the heart.
Root: ревмато-
From Greek *rheuma* (flow, current, rheumatism), denotes relation to rheumatism.
Suffix: -логические
Combination of -логический (from Greek *logikos*, pertaining to study) and -еский (adjectival suffix) and -ие (passive adjectival form).
Relating to both the heart and rheumatism; pertaining to the study of heart-related rheumatic diseases.
Translation: Cardiorheumatological
Examples:
"кардиоревматологические проявления"
"кардиоревматологическое отделение"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'кардио-' prefix and similar adjectival suffix structure.
Shares the 'ревмато-' root and similar adjectival suffix structure.
Similar adjectival suffix structure '-ический'.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Principle
Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants gravitating towards the most sonorous sound.
Avoidance of Initial Consonant Clusters
Russian generally avoids starting a syllable with a consonant cluster.
Palatalization Influence
Palatalized consonants tend to form their own syllables or attach to the following vowel.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'и'.
The compound nature of 'кардиоревмато-' influences stress placement.
Summary:
The word 'кардиоревматологические' is a complex Russian adjective derived from Greek roots. It is divided into 12 syllables, with primary stress on the penultimate syllable. Syllabification follows the sonority principle and avoids initial consonant clusters. The word's meaning relates to the intersection of cardiology and rheumatology.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "кардиоревматологические" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "кардиоревматологические" is a complex adjective meaning "cardiorheumatological." It's a relatively recent borrowing and compounding in Russian, reflecting medical terminology. Pronunciation involves a series of stressed and unstressed syllables, with vowel reduction occurring in unstressed positions, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the sonority hierarchy and avoidance of consonant clusters at syllable boundaries, the word breaks down as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- кардио- (kardio-): Prefix, from Greek kardia (heart). Function: denotes relation to the heart.
- ревмато- (revmato-): Root, from Greek rheuma (flow, current, rheumatism). Function: denotes relation to rheumatism.
- -логический (-logicheskiy): Suffix, from Greek logikos (logical, pertaining to study). Function: forms an adjective meaning "pertaining to the study of."
- -еский (-eskiy): Suffix, a common adjectival suffix in Russian. Function: forms a qualitative adjective.
- -ие (-iye): Suffix, indicates a passive participle or adjectival form. Function: forms a passive adjectival form.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: кардиоревматологи́ческие.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/kɐrʲdʲɪɐ̯rʲɪvʲmɐtɐlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪjɪ/
6. Edge Case Review:
The presence of multiple consonants and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables presents challenges. The 'о' vowel in "ревмато" is reduced to /ɐ/ in unstressed position. The palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'и' is crucial.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to both the heart and rheumatism; pertaining to the study of heart-related rheumatic diseases.
- Translation: Cardiorheumatological
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (None readily available as a single-word equivalent)
- Antonyms: (Difficult to define a direct antonym)
- Examples:
- "кардиоревматологические проявления" (cardiorheumatological manifestations)
- "кардиоревматологическое отделение" (cardiorheumatological department)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- кардиология (kardiologiya): /kɐrʲdʲɪɐˈlɔɡʲɪjə/ - Syllables: кар-ди-о-ло-ги-я. Similar structure with the "кардио-" prefix. Stress falls on the "о" in "-ло-".
- ревматоидный (revmatoidnyy): /rʲɪvʲmɐˈtoɪdnɨj/ - Syllables: рев-ма-то-ид-ный. Shares the "ревмато-" root. Stress falls on the "о" in "-то-".
- анатомический (anatomicheskiy): /ɐnɐtɐˈmʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/ - Syllables: а-на-то-ми-че-ский. Similar adjectival suffix structure "-ический". Stress falls on the "о" in "-то-".
The differences in stress placement are due to the varying length and complexity of the words. The presence of the "кардиоревмато-" compound influences the stress pattern.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor variations in vowel reduction might occur depending on the speaker's dialect, but the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Division Rules:
- Sonority Principle: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants gravitating towards the most sonorous sound.
- Avoidance of Initial Consonant Clusters: Russian generally avoids starting a syllable with a consonant cluster.
- Palatalization Influence: Palatalized consonants tend to form their own syllables or attach to the following vowel.
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