Hyphenation ofкардиоревматологического
Syllable Division:
кар-ди-о-рев-ма-то-ло-ги-че-ско-го
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/kɐrˈdʲɪərevmətəlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskəvəˈɡə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0001001000
Primary stress falls on the syllable 'ги' (gi), indicated by '1'. All other syllables are unstressed, indicated by '0'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel reduction.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, stressed syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: кардио-
From Greek *kardia* (heart), denotes relation to the heart.
Root: ревмато-
From Greek *rheuma* (flow) and *matos* (suffering), denotes relation to rheumatism.
Suffix: -лог-ич-еск-ого
Combination of suffixes: -лог- (study), -ич- (adjective forming), -еск- (adjective forming), -ого (genitive singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending).
Relating to the study or treatment of diseases affecting both the heart and the rheumatic system.
Translation: Cardio-rheumatological
Examples:
"кардиоревматологическое отделение"
"кардиоревматологическое заболевание"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters and suffixes.
Similar length and complexity, with multiple suffixes.
Similar structure with prefixes and suffixes.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with vowels as nuclei.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken up to create natural-sounding syllables.
Vowel-Initial Syllable Preference
Russian tends to prefer syllables starting with vowels.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Influence of the soft sign (ь) on consonant pronunciation.
The word's length and complexity require careful application of syllable division rules.
Summary:
The word 'кардиоревматологического' is a complex Russian adjective derived from Greek and Russian morphemes. It is divided into 11 syllables, with stress on the 'ги' syllable. Syllable division follows the sonority sequencing principle and prioritizes open syllables. The word's meaning relates to cardio-rheumatology.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "кардиоревматологического" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "кардиоревматологического" is a highly complex adjectival form in Russian, denoting something related to the field of cardio-rheumatology. It's a derived adjective formed from a compound noun. Pronunciation involves a series of stressed and unstressed syllables, with vowel reduction occurring in unstressed positions, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
кар-ди-о-рев-ма-то-ло-ги-че-ско-го
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: кардио- (from Greek kardia - heart) - denotes relation to the heart.
- Root: ревмато- (from Greek rheuma - flow, stream, and matos - suffering) - denotes relation to rheumatism.
- Suffixes:
- -лог- (from Greek logos - study, science) - denotes a field of study.
- -ич- (Russian suffix) - forms an adjective.
- -еск- (Russian suffix, often of Greek origin) - forms an adjective, indicating belonging to or relating to.
- -ого (Russian genitive singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending) - indicates grammatical case, gender, and number.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the syllable "-ги-" (ги).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/kɐrˈdʲɪərevmətəlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskəvəˈɡə/
6. Edge Case Review:
The word is long and contains several consonant clusters, which can sometimes lead to ambiguity in syllable division. However, Russian syllable structure generally favors open syllables (ending in a vowel) whenever possible.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the genitive singular masculine/neuter form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the case or gender.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to the study or treatment of diseases affecting both the heart and the rheumatic system.
- Translation: Cardio-rheumatological
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (None readily available as a single-word equivalent)
- Antonyms: (Difficult to define a direct antonym)
- Examples:
- "кардиоревматологическое отделение" - "cardio-rheumatological department"
- "кардиоревматологическое заболевание" - "cardio-rheumatological disease"
9. Phonological Comparison:
- автомобильного (avtomobil'novo): av-to-mo-bil'-no-go. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress falls on the 'bi' syllable.
- психологического (psikhologicheskogo): psi-kho-lo-gi-che-sko-go. Similar length and complexity, with multiple suffixes. Stress falls on the 'gi' syllable.
- геополитического (geopoliticheskogo): ge-o-po-li-ti-che-sko-go. Similar structure with prefixes and suffixes. Stress falls on the 'ti' syllable.
The differences in stress placement are due to the inherent stress patterns of the root morphemes and the influence of suffixes. Russian stress is unpredictable and not governed by strict rules.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority (loudness) within the syllable. Vowels are syllable nuclei.
- Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that creates the most natural-sounding syllables.
- Rule 3: Vowel-Initial Syllable Preference: Russian tends to prefer syllables starting with vowels.
11. Special Considerations:
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but does not affect the orthographic syllable division. The presence of the soft sign (ь) influences the preceding consonant's pronunciation but doesn't directly impact syllable division.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel quality and stress intensity may occur depending on regional dialects. However, the syllable division remains consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.