Hyphenation ofмикроэлектродвигателя
Syllable Division:
ми-кро-э-лек-тро-д-ви-га-те-ля
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/mʲɪkrɐɛlʲɪktrədʲvʲɪɡɐˈtʲelʲə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000000010
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('те' - te) in 'микроэлектродвигателя'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant.
Open syllable, consonant cluster onset.
Open syllable, single vowel.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant onset.
Open syllable, consonant cluster onset.
Open syllable, single palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant onset.
Open syllable, single consonant onset.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant onset.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant onset, reduced vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: микро-
From Greek μικρός (mikrós) meaning 'small', denotes size.
Root: электродвигатель
Compound root: электро- (electricity) + двигатель (to move). Core meaning: electric motor.
Suffix: -я
Genitive singular ending for masculine/neuter nouns, indicates grammatical case.
A small electric motor.
Translation: miniature electric motor
Examples:
"В игрушке использовался микроэлектродвигателя."
"Ремонт микроэлектродвигателя требует специальных навыков."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'электр-' root and exhibits similar consonant clusters and vowel reduction.
Shares the 'электр-' root and similar syllable structure.
Shares the 'двигатель' root and exhibits similar palatalization patterns.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime
Syllables are divided based on the onset (initial consonant(s)) and rime (vowel and following consonants).
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Consonant clusters are resolved based on the sonority hierarchy, with more sonorous sounds forming syllable peaks.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced to /ɐ/ or /ə/.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before front vowels (и, е, я).
Allowable consonant clusters in Russian.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Summary:
The word 'микроэлектродвигателя' is a complex noun divided into ten syllables based on Russian syllabification rules. It features a Greek-derived prefix ('микро-'), a compound root ('электродвигатель'), and a genitive suffix ('-я'). The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable. Syllable division follows the onset-rime principle, accounting for consonant clusters and vowel reduction.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "микроэлектродвигателя" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "микроэлектродвигателя" is a complex noun denoting a miniature electric motor. Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
ми-кро-э-лек-тро-д-ви-га-те-ля
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: микро- (micro-) - From Greek μικρός (mikrós) meaning "small". Function: Denotes size.
- Root: электродвигатель (elektrodvigatel’) - Compound root. электро- (electro-) from Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron) meaning "amber, electricity". двигатель (dvigatel’) - from Russian двигать (dvigat’) meaning "to move", related to the Proto-Slavic *dъvigati. Function: Core meaning of "electric motor".
- Suffix: -я (-ya) - Genitive singular ending for a masculine or neuter noun. Function: Indicates grammatical case (genitive).
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: э-лек-тро-д-ви-га-те-ля.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/mʲɪkrɐɛlʲɪktrədʲvʲɪɡɐˈtʲelʲə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- ми- /mʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable onset consists of a consonant (mʲ). Rule: Vowel (ɪ) forms the syllable nucleus. Exception: Palatalization of 'м' due to following 'и'.
- кро- /krɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster (kr) allowed as onset. Rule: Vowel (ɐ) forms the nucleus.
- э- /ɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Single consonant (ɛ) forms the nucleus.
- лек- /lʲɛk/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant (lʲ) as onset. Rule: Vowel (ɛ) as nucleus. Rule: Consonant (k) as coda. Exception: Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'е'.
- тро- /trɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster (tr) allowed as onset. Rule: Vowel (ɐ) forms the nucleus.
- д- /dʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Single consonant (dʲ) forms the onset and nucleus. Exception: Palatalization of 'д' due to following 'в'.
- ви- /vʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (vʲ) as onset. Rule: Vowel (ɪ) as nucleus. Exception: Palatalization of 'в' due to following 'и'.
- га- /ɡɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (ɡ) as onset. Rule: Vowel (ɐ) as nucleus.
- те- /tʲe/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (tʲ) as onset. Rule: Vowel (e) as nucleus. Exception: Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'е'.
- ля /lʲə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (lʲ) as onset. Rule: Reduced vowel (ə) as nucleus. Exception: Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'я'.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian allows for complex consonant clusters, particularly in loanwords. The clusters "кр", "тр", and "дв" are common and do not pose significant issues. Vowel reduction is a key feature of unstressed syllables, leading to the use of /ɐ/ and /ə/.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: микроэлектродвигателя
- Translation: miniature electric motor
- Part of Speech: Noun (masculine, genitive singular)
- Synonyms: малогабаритный электродвигатель (malogabaritnyy elektrodvigatel’) – compact electric motor
- Antonyms: (None directly applicable, as it's a specific type of motor)
- Examples:
- "В игрушке использовался микроэлектродвигателя." (V igrushke ispol’zovalas’ mikroelektrodvigatelya.) – A miniature electric motor was used in the toy.
- "Ремонт микроэлектродвигателя требует специальных навыков." (Remont mikroelektrodvigatelya trebuyet spetsial’nykh navykov.) – Repairing a miniature electric motor requires special skills.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- электричество (elektrichestvo) - /ɪlʲɪktrʲɪˈt͡sʲɪvə/ - Syllables: э-лек-три-че-ст-во. Similar consonant clusters (lʲ, tr, st) and vowel reduction.
- электрод (elektrod) - /ɪlʲɪkˈtrɔt/ - Syllables: э-лек-трод. Similar root structure and consonant clusters.
- двигатель (dvigatel’) - /dvʲɪɡɐˈtʲelʲ/ - Syllables: дви-га-тель. Shares the root "двигатель" and exhibits similar palatalization patterns.
The syllable structure in "микроэлектродвигателя" is consistent with these similar words, demonstrating adherence to Russian phonological rules. The presence of consonant clusters and vowel reduction is a common feature in all examples.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.