Hyphenation ofнароднохозяйственным
Syllable Division:
на-род-но-хо-зяй-ствен-ным
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/nɐˈrodnə xəzʲɪˈstvʲɪnːɨm/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0100110
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable (хозяй). Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed syllables.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, stressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: на-
Proto-Slavic origin, denotes quality/characteristic.
Root: -хозяйств-
From хозяйство (economy), denotes economic activity.
Suffix: -ым
Slavic origin, instrumental case ending.
Relating to the national economy.
Translation: National economic
Examples:
"Народнохозяйственное планирование"
"Народнохозяйственный комплекс"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar suffixation and consonant clusters.
Similar suffixation pattern.
Similar suffixation and consonant clusters.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Consonant-Vowel (CV) Division
Syllables are typically divided after each vowel sound, especially when followed by a consonant.
Open vs. Closed Syllables
Syllables ending in a vowel are open; those ending in a consonant are closed.
Consonant Clusters
Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable, unless a vowel intervenes.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian pronunciation and affects syllable perception.
Palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'и' is standard and doesn't alter syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'народнохозяйственным' is syllabified into seven syllables based on CV/CVC structures, with primary stress on the fifth syllable. It's a complex adjective formed through prefixation and suffixation, denoting a relationship to the national economy. Syllable division follows standard Russian phonological rules, with vowel reduction in unstressed positions.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "народнохозяйственным" (narodno-khozyaystvennym)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "народнохозяйственным" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "related to the national economy." It's formed through a series of prefixation and suffixation processes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
на-род-но-хо-зяй-ствен-ным
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: на- (na-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Denotes a quality or characteristic related to something.
- Root: -род- (-rod-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Relates to "people," "nation," or "kind."
- Suffix: -но- (-no-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Connective suffix, often used in adjective formation.
- Root: -хозяйств- (-khozyaystv-) - Origin: From хозяйство (khozyaystvo - "economy, household"). Function: Denotes economic activity.
- Suffix: -енн- (-enn-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Adjectival suffix, forming passive participles or adjectives denoting a quality.
- Suffix: -ым (-ym) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Instrumental case ending (masculine singular).
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: хо-зяй-ствен-ным. The stress pattern is crucial for vowel reduction.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/nɐˈrodnə xəzʲɪˈstvʲɪnːɨm/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- на- (na-): /nɐ/ - Rule: Syllable begins with a consonant. Open syllable. No exceptions.
- род- (rod-): /ˈrod/ - Rule: Syllable begins with a consonant. Closed syllable. No exceptions.
- но- (no-): /ˈno/ - Rule: Syllable begins with a consonant. Open syllable. Vowel reduction occurs here in unstressed position.
- хо- (kho-): /xə/ - Rule: Syllable begins with a consonant. Open syllable. Vowel reduction occurs here in unstressed position.
- зяй- (zyay-): /zʲɪ/ - Rule: Syllable begins with a palatalized consonant. Closed syllable.
- ствен- (stven-): /ˈstvʲɪn/ - Rule: Syllable begins with a consonant cluster. Closed syllable. Primary stress.
- ным (nym): /nɨm/ - Rule: Syllable begins with a consonant. Closed syllable. Vowel reduction occurs here in unstressed position.
7. Edge Case Review:
The consonant cluster "ств" (stv) in "ствен" is a common occurrence in Russian and doesn't present a significant syllabification challenge. The palatalization of consonants before "е" and "и" is standard.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: народнохозяйственный (narodno-khozyaystvennyy)
- Translation: National economic, pertaining to the national economy.
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: общенародный (obshchenarodnyy - common national), экономический (ekonomicheskiy - economic)
- Antonyms: частный (chastnyy - private), индивидуальный (individual'nyy - individual)
- Examples:
- Народнохозяйственное планирование (Narodno-khozyaystvennoye planirovaniye - National economic planning)
- Народнохозяйственный комплекс (Narodno-khozyaystvennyy kompleks - National economic complex)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- государственный (gosudarstvennyy) - "state": го-су-дар-ствен-ный. Similar structure with consonant clusters and suffixes. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
- общественный (obshchestvennyy) - "public": об-ще-ствен-ный. Similar suffixation pattern. Stress falls on the third syllable.
- производственный (proizvodstvennyy) - "production": про-из-вод-ствен-ный. Similar suffixation and consonant clusters. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
The syllable division in all these words follows the same principles: consonant-vowel (CV) or consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) structures, with stress influencing vowel reduction. The differences in stress placement are determined by morphological rules and word origin.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.