Hyphenation ofобщественно-передовой

Linguistic Analysis of "общественно-передовой" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "общественно-передовой" (obshchestvenno-peredovoy) is a complex adjective meaning "socially advanced" or "progressive." It's formed by compounding and derivation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• обще- (obshche-): Prefix, from Old Russian "обь" (ob), meaning "around, about, common." Functions to denote a collective or public aspect.
• -ственн- (-stvenn-): Suffix, derived from "ство" (-stvo), denoting a quality or state. Originates from Proto-Slavic.
• -о- (-o-): Interfix, connecting the prefix and root.
• -пере- (-pere-): Prefix, from Proto-Slavic *per-, meaning "over, across, forward, re-". Indicates a change of state or direction.
• -дов- (-dov-): Root, from "до" (do) meaning "to, until", indicating a leading or advanced position.
• -ой (-oy): Suffix, adjectival ending, masculine singular nominative.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: о-бще-ственно-пе-ре-до-вой.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɐˈɕːɛstʲɪˈvʲennə pʲɪrʲɪˈdɐvɐj/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• об (ob): /ɐp/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ще (shche): /ɕːɛ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows. Exception: The "щ" (shch) is treated as a single phoneme, so it remains within the syllable.
• ст (st): /stʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant.
• вен (ven): /vʲenn/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant(s).
• но (no): /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Vowel reduction occurs here.
• пе (pe): /pʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Palatalization of the consonant.
• ре (re): /rʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Palatalization of the consonant.
• до (do): /dɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• вой (voy): /vɐj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.

7. Edge Case Review:

The "щ" (shch) cluster is a notable edge case. It's treated as a single phoneme in Russian phonology, influencing syllabification. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is also a key consideration.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., modifying a noun).

9. Definition & Semantics:

• общественно-передовой (obshchestvenno-peredovoy)
  • Part of Speech: Adjective
  • Definitions:
    • "Socially advanced"
    • "Progressive"
    • "Forward-thinking"
  • Translation: Socially advanced, progressive
  • Synonyms: прогрессивный (progressivnyy), новаторский (novatorskiy)
  • Antonyms: реакционный (reaktsionnyy), консервативный (konservativnyy)
  • Examples:
    • "общественно-передовые идеи" (obshchestvenno-peredovye idei) - progressive ideas
    • "общественно-передовой деятель" (obshchestvenno-peredovoy deyatel') - a progressive figure

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel reduction can occur depending on dialect. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• образование (obrazovanie) - "education": o-бра-зо-ва-ни-е. Similar syllable structure with alternating vowel-consonant patterns.
• совершенство (sovershenstvo) - "perfection": со-вер-шен-ство. Similar prefix structure and vowel-consonant alternation.
• ответственность (otvetstvennost') - "responsibility": от-вет-ствен-ность. Similar suffix structure and vowel-consonant alternation.

The key difference lies in the length and complexity of the root and the presence of the interfix in "общественно-передовой." The compound nature of the word leads to a longer syllable count.