Hyphenation ofперепрограммировании
Syllable Division:
пе-ре-про-грам-ми-ро-ва-ни-и
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pʲɪrʲɪprɐˈɡramːɪrəvənʲɪjɪ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001000000
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('грам').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, consonant cluster.
Closed, stressed syllable, vowel lengthening.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, final, extremely reduced vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: пере-
Proto-Slavic origin, indicates complete action.
Root: программ-
Internationalism from Greek 'programma', core meaning.
Suffix: -мирова-ни-и
Russian suffixes forming the noun of action and grammatical gender/number.
The act of reprogramming; the process of changing the program of a device or system.
Translation: Reprogramming
Examples:
"Он занимается перепрограммированием старых компьютеров."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar suffix structure and stress pattern.
Similar suffix structure.
Similar suffix structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Consonant-Vowel Structure
Syllables are generally formed around a vowel, with preceding consonants belonging to the same syllable.
Stress-Based Vowel Lengthening
Vowels in stressed syllables are lengthened.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced in duration and articulation.
Palatalization
Consonants are palatalized before soft vowels (е, и, ю, я).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Russian syllabification avoids breaking consonant clusters.
Vowel reduction is a significant feature of Russian pronunciation.
Summary:
The word 'перепрограммировании' is a complex noun formed with prefixes and suffixes. It is divided into nine syllables, with stress on the third syllable ('грам'). Syllabification follows the consonant-vowel structure, with vowel reduction in unstressed syllables and palatalization of consonants before soft vowels.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "перепрограммировании" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "перепрограммировании" is a complex noun derived from the verb "перепрограммировать" (to reprogram). It's a relatively long word, and its pronunciation involves several vowel reductions common in unstressed syllables in Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: пере- (pere-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates a complete action, "over," "re-".
- Root: программ- (programm-) - Origin: Internationalism, from Greek "programma" (written). Function: Core meaning related to programming.
- Suffix: -мирова- (-mirova-) - Origin: Russian. Function: Forms the infinitive of the verb.
- Suffix: -ни- (-ni-) - Origin: Russian. Function: Participial suffix, forming the noun of action.
- Suffix: -и- (-i-) - Origin: Russian. Function: Indicates grammatical gender and number.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: пе-ре-про-грам-ми-ро-ва-ни-и.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pʲɪrʲɪprɐˈɡramːɪrəvənʲɪjɪ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- пе (pe): /pʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. No exceptions.
- ре (re): /rʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Palatalization of 'р' due to following 'е'.
- про (pro): /prɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel. No exceptions.
- грам (gram): /ˈɡramː/ - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Consonant-vowel-consonant structure. Vowel lengthening due to stress.
- ми (mi): /mɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Vowel reduction due to unstressed position.
- ро (ro): /rɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Vowel reduction due to unstressed position.
- ва (va): /vɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Vowel reduction due to unstressed position.
- ни (ni): /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Palatalization of 'н' due to following 'и'.
- и (i): /ɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel alone. Extreme vowel reduction due to final unstressed position.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters unless they are non-native or exceptionally long. This word doesn't present such a case. The palatalization of consonants before soft vowels (е, и, ю, я) is a consistent feature.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: перепрограммировании
- Part of Speech: Noun
- Definitions:
- Definition: The act of reprogramming; the process of changing the program of a device or system.
- Translation: Reprogramming
- Synonyms: перекодировании (rekodirovanii - recoding), изменение программы (izmenenie programmy - program change)
- Antonyms: программировании (programmirovanii - programming)
- Examples: "Он занимается перепрограммированием старых компьютеров." (He is engaged in reprogramming old computers.)
- Grammatical Category: Neuter, singular, prepositional case.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slightly different degrees of vowel reduction. However, the syllable division remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- программирование (programmirovanie): пе-ре-про-грам-ми-ро-ва-ни-е. Similar syllable structure, stress on "грам".
- информирование (informirovanie): ин-фор-ми-ро-ва-ни-е. Similar suffix structure, stress on the root syllable.
- организация (organizatsiya): ор-га-ни-за-ци-я. Similar suffix structure, stress on the root syllable.
The differences in syllable division arise from the initial prefixes and root morphemes, but the core principles of Russian syllabification (consonant-vowel structure, stress-based vowel lengthening, vowel reduction) apply consistently across these words.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.