Hyphenation ofперепрограммированное
Syllable Division:
пе-ре-про-грам-ми-ро-ван-но-е
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pʲɪrʲɪprɐˈɡramːɪrɐvɐnːəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001000100
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('грам').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant.
Open syllable, initial consonant, palatalization.
Open syllable, consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, initial consonant.
Open syllable, initial consonant.
Closed syllable, geminated consonant.
Open syllable, geminated consonant.
Open syllable, initial vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: пере-
Proto-Slavic origin, indicates complete action.
Root: программ-
Internationalism from Greek 'programma', core meaning.
Suffix: -ированн-
Russian origin, forms passive participle.
Reprogrammed
Translation: Reprogrammed
Examples:
"Перепрограммированное устройство"
"Программное обеспечение было перепрограммировано."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'програм-' root.
Shares a similar suffix structure (-ция).
Contains the 'пере-' prefix.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Consonant Division
Syllables are typically divided between vowels and consonants.
Consonant Cluster Division
Consonant clusters are often broken up based on sonority, but maintained within a syllable if possible.
Stress Placement
Stress influences vowel reduction and syllable prominence.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Gemination of 'н' in the suffix '-ированн-'.
Palatalization of 'р' before 'е'.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Summary:
The word 'перепрограммированное' is a complex past passive participle. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules, dividing the word into nine syllables with stress on 'грам'. The gemination of 'н' and palatalization of 'р' are key phonetic features. The word's meaning is 'reprogrammed'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "перепрограммированное" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "перепрограммированное" is a past passive participle of the verb "перепрограммировать" (to reprogram). It's a relatively long word with a complex structure, typical of Russian derived words. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions, common in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: пере- (pere-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates a complete action or change of state, "re-", "over-".
- Root: программ- (programm-) - Origin: Internationalism, from Greek "programma" (written). Function: Core meaning related to programming.
- Suffix: -ированн- (-irovann-) - Origin: Russian. Function: Forms a passive participle, indicating the action has been done to the subject.
- Suffix: -ое (-oe) - Origin: Russian. Function: Indicates neuter gender, singular, past passive participle.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: пе-ре-про-грам-ми-ро-ван-но-е.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pʲɪrʲɪprɐˈɡramːɪrɐvɐnːəjə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- пе (pe) - /pʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. No exceptions.
- ре (re) - /rʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. Palatalization of 'р' due to following 'е'.
- про (pro) - /prɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant cluster and ends with a vowel.
- грам (gram) - /ˈɡram/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant. Stress falls here.
- ми (mi) - /mɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel.
- ро (ro) - /rɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel.
- ван (van) - /vɐnː/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant. Gemination of 'н' due to the suffix.
- но (no) - /nːə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. Gemination of 'н' continues.
- е (je) - /jə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a vowel.
7. Edge Case Review:
The gemination of 'н' in the suffix "-ированн-" is a common feature in Russian past passive participles and requires careful attention. The palatalization of 'р' before 'е' is also a standard phonetic process.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word primarily functions as an adjective (past passive participle) describing something that has been reprogrammed. It can also function as a noun in certain contexts. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical role.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: перепрограммированное (pereprogrammirovannoe)
- Translation: reprogrammed
- Part of Speech: Adjective (past passive participle)
- Synonyms: перекодированное (perecodirovannoe - recoded), измененное (izmenennoe - changed)
- Antonyms: неперепрограммированное (nepereprogrammirovannoe - not reprogrammed)
- Examples:
- "Перепрограммированное устройство" (Pereprogrammirovannoe ustroystvo) - "The reprogrammed device."
- "Программное обеспечение было перепрограммировано." (Programmnoye obespecheniye bylo pereprogrammirovano.) - "The software was reprogrammed."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant softening. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- программист (programmist) - /prɐˈɡramːɪst/ - Syllables: про-грам-мист. Similar structure with "програм-" root. Stress pattern is different.
- информация (informatsiya) - /ɪnfɐˈmatsɪjə/ - Syllables: ин-фор-ма-ци-я. Shares the "-ция" suffix, demonstrating similar syllabification rules for suffixes.
- передача (peredacha) - /pʲɪrʲɪˈdat͡ɕə/ - Syllables: пе-ре-да-ча. Contains the "пере-" prefix, illustrating consistent prefix syllabification.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.