Hyphenation ofпротиворадиолокационная
Syllable Division:
про-ти-во-ра-ди-о-ло-ка-ци-о́н-ная
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prətʲɪvɐrədʲɪlɐkɐˈt͡sɪjənːəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00000000100
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('о́н' - on). This is a common stress pattern for Russian adjectives.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction common.
Open syllable, vowel reduction common.
Closed syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction common.
Open syllable, vowel reduction common.
Open syllable, vowel reduction common.
Closed syllable.
Stressed syllable, open syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction common.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: противо-
Proto-Slavic origin, meaning 'against', 'opposite'. Prefixes a negative or opposing sense.
Root: радиолокацион-
Derived from 'radio' (international) and 'lokatsiya' (location). Denotes radar or radio location.
Suffix: -ная
Proto-Slavic adjectival suffix, forming a relative adjective.
Relating to or used for countering radar.
Translation: Anti-radar, counter-radar
Examples:
"противорадиолокационная защита"
"противорадиолокационная ракета"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the -ционная suffix and similar stress pattern.
Shares the -тельная suffix and similar stress pattern.
Shares the -ционная suffix and similar stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Russian syllabification prioritizes creating open syllables (CV) whenever possible. This influences the division of consonant clusters.
Sonority Hierarchy
Consonants are grouped based on their sonority (ability to be pronounced as a vowel-like sound). More sonorous consonants tend to form the nucleus of a syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Consonant clusters can be challenging, requiring careful application of the open syllable principle.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables affects pronunciation but not syllabification.
Palatalization of consonants influences syllable structure.
Summary:
The word 'противорадиолокационная' is a complex Russian adjective meaning 'anti-radar'. It's divided into 12 syllables, with stress on the penultimate syllable. Syllabification follows the open syllable principle and sonority hierarchy, considering consonant clusters and vowel reduction. The word is morphologically composed of the prefix 'противо-', the root 'радиолокацион-', and the suffix '-ная'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "противорадиолокационная" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "противорадиолокационная" is a complex adjective meaning "anti-radar" or "counter-radar." It's a relatively long word, typical of Russian technical terminology, built through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions, common in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- противо- (protivo-): Prefix, originating from the Proto-Slavic proti, meaning "against," "opposite." Functions to negate or oppose the action/quality of the root.
- радиолокацион- (radiolokatsion-): Root, derived from "radio" (радио) and "location" (локация). "Radio" is international, from Latin radius. "Lokatsiya" comes from lokatsiya meaning location. This root signifies "radar" or "radio location."
- -ная (-naya): Suffix, adjectival suffix, forming a relative adjective. Originates from Proto-Slavic.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: про-ти-во-ра-ди-о-ло-ка-ци-о́н-ная.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prətʲɪvɐrədʲɪlɐkɐˈt͡sɪjənːəjə/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key. The 'л' in радиолокационная is often syllabified with the following vowel, even though it creates a slightly less sonorous syllable.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. While it can theoretically be used to form a noun (referring to a counter-radar system), the syllabification remains consistent.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or used for countering radar.
- Translation: Anti-radar, counter-radar.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (rarely used) контр-радиолокационный (kontr-radiolokatsionnyy)
- Antonyms: радиолокационный (radiolokatsionnyy) - radar
- Examples:
- "противорадиолокационная защита" (protivoradilokatsionnaya zashchita) - anti-radar defense
- "противорадиолокационная ракета" (protivoradilokatsionnaya raketa) - anti-radar missile
9. Phonological Comparison:
- информационная (informatsionnaya) - "informational": Syllable division: ин-фор-ма-ци-о́н-ная. Similar structure with a long suffix. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- образовательная (obrazovatel'naya) - "educational": Syllable division: об-ра-зо-ва-те́ль-ная. Similar suffix, stress pattern.
- ситуационная (situatsionnaya) - "situational": Syllable division: си-ту-а-ци-о́н-ная. Similar suffix, stress pattern.
The key difference is the length and complexity of the root in "противорадиолокационная," leading to a longer word and more syllables. The stress pattern remains consistent across these adjectives.
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Hyphenation is the process of dividing words across lines in print or on websites. It involves inserting hyphens (-) where a word breaks to continue on the next line.
Proper hyphenation improves readability by reducing the unevenness of word spacing and unnecessary large gaps. It also helps avoid confusion that may occur when part of a word carries over. Ideal hyphenation should break words according to pronunciation and syllables. Most word processors and publishing apps have automated tools to handle hyphenation effectively based on language rules and dictionaries. Though subtle, proper hyphenation improves overall typography and reading comfort.