Hyphenation ofresponsabilizzare

Linguistic Analysis of "responsabilizzare" (Italian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "responsabilizzare" is a verb meaning "to make someone responsible," "to hold someone accountable," or "to empower." It's a relatively complex word, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation follows standard Italian rules, with a focus on vowel clarity and consonant articulation.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Italian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: re- (Latin) - Intensifier, indicating repetition or a new state.
• Root: sponsa- (Latin sponsus, past participle of spondere "to pledge, promise") - Related to responsibility, pledge, or commitment. This root appears as responsa- in modern Italian.
• Suffix: -bil- (Latin -bilis) - Adjectival suffix denoting capability or possibility ("able to be").
• Suffix: -izzare (Latin -izare) - Verb-forming suffix, indicating to cause to be, to make.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: "re-spon-sa-bi-li-zza-re".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˌrɛs.pon.sa.bi.lit.tsaˈre/

6. Edge Case Review:

Italian syllabification generally avoids leaving a single consonant between vowels. This rule is followed here. The double 'z' presents no particular issue, as it's treated as a single sound in this context.

7. Grammatical Role:

"Responsabilizzare" is primarily a verb. Its syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of conjugation.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: To make someone responsible; to hold someone accountable; to empower.
• Part of Speech: Verb (transitive)
• Translation: To make responsible, to empower, to hold accountable.
• Synonyms: affidare (to entrust), incaricare (to charge with a task), responsabilizzare (itself), delegare (to delegate).
• Antonyms: discolpare (to exonerate), deresponsabilizzare (to relieve of responsibility).
• Examples:
  • "Il capo vuole responsabilizzare i suoi dipendenti." (The boss wants to empower his employees.)
  • "È importante responsabilizzare i giovani." (It's important to make young people responsible.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• organizzare (to organize): or-ga-niz-za-re. Similar structure with -izzare suffix. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
• realizzare (to realize): re-a-liz-za-re. Similar structure with -izzare suffix. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
• specializzare (to specialize): spe-cia-liz-za-re. Similar structure with -izzare suffix. Stress on the penultimate syllable.

The consistent stress pattern on the penultimate syllable in these words, all ending in -izzare, demonstrates a regular phonological pattern in Italian verb formation.

10. Syllable List with IPA and Rule Explanations:

• re /re/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
• spon /spon/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are maintained within a syllable as long as they don't violate sonority sequencing.
• sa /sa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
• bi /bi/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
• li /li/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
• zza /tsa/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Affricates (like 'zz') function as single consonant sounds within a syllable.
• re /re/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.

11. Division Rules Applied:

• Vowel Nucleus Rule: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
• Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are maintained within a syllable unless they violate sonority sequencing.
• Avoid Single Consonant Rule: Italian avoids leaving a single consonant between vowels.
• Affricate Rule: Affricates are treated as single consonant sounds.

12. Special Considerations:

The 'zz' digraph is pronounced as a single affricate /ts/. This is a standard Italian pronunciation rule.

13. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exist in vowel quality or stress intensity, but the syllable division remains consistent.

14. Short Analysis:

"Responsabilizzare" is a verb derived from Latin roots, meaning "to make responsible." It's divided into seven syllables: re-spon-sa-bi-li-zza-re, with stress on the penultimate syllable. The syllabification follows standard Italian rules, prioritizing vowel nuclei and maintaining consonant clusters.