Hyphenation ofresponsabilizar-lhe-á

Linguistic Analysis of "responsabilizar-lhe-á" (Portuguese)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "responsabilizar-lhe-á" is a conjugated verb form in Portuguese, specifically the future subjunctive of the verb "responsabilizar" (to hold responsible). It's a complex word formed through agglutination. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel quality and nasalization, as well as the liaison between the verb and the clitic pronoun.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Portuguese syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: re- (Latin) - Intensifier, indicating repetition or a renewed action.
• Root: spons- (Latin responsum - past participle of respondere 'to answer') - Core meaning related to responding or taking on a duty.
• Suffixes:
  • -abil- (Latin -abilis) - Adjectival suffix indicating capability or possibility.
  • -izar (Latin -izare) - Verbal suffix forming verbs from nouns or adjectives, indicating to make or cause to be.
  • -lhe- (Portuguese clitic pronoun) - Indirect object pronoun, meaning "to him/her/it/them".
  • -á (Portuguese verbal ending) - Future subjunctive tense marker.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable of the root, "pon". The full stress pattern is indicated below.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ʁɛ.spõ.sɐ.bi.li.zaɾ.ʎi.ɲɐ̃.ˈa/

6. Edge Case Review:

The presence of the clitic pronoun "lhe" attached to the verb is a common feature in Portuguese and requires careful consideration during syllabification. The liaison between the verb and the pronoun is crucial for pronunciation.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is a verb form. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of the verb's function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: To make someone responsible; to hold someone accountable.
• Part of Speech: Verb (Future Subjunctive)
• Translation: To hold him/her/it/them responsible.
• Synonyms: responsabilizar, imputar, cobrar
• Antonyms: desculpar, isentar
• Examples:
  • "Se eu o responsabilizar-lhe-á, ele terá que arcar com as consequências." (If I hold him responsible, he will have to bear the consequences.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• similar word 1: responsabilidade (responsibility) - re-spon-sa-bi-li-da-de. Shares the root "spons" and similar suffixes. Syllabification follows the same rules.
• similar word 2: civilizar (to civilize) - ci-vi-li-zar. Shares the "-izar" suffix. Syllabification is simpler due to the lack of a clitic pronoun.
• similar word 3: autorresponsabilizar (to self-hold responsible) - au-to-re-spon-sa-bi-li-zar. Demonstrates the application of the same rules with a longer prefix.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel Grouping: Vowels within a diphthong or triphthong are generally kept together in the same syllable (e.g., "pon" in "responsabilizar").
• Rule 2: Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are broken according to sonority, with the more sonorous consonant typically joining the following vowel (e.g., "li" in "responsabilizar").
• Rule 3: Clitic Pronoun Attachment: Clitic pronouns attached to verbs are syllabified as part of the verb, but their boundaries are determined by vowel sounds.
• Rule 4: Penultimate Stress: Words ending in vowels, 'n', or 's' are generally stressed on the penultimate syllable.

11. Special Considerations:

The nasal vowel /ɐ̃/ in the final syllable requires careful pronunciation. The liaison between "lhe" and "á" is crucial for natural speech.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Brazilian Portuguese may exhibit slight variations in vowel quality and stress placement, but the core syllabification remains consistent.