Hyphenation ofвысокоинтеллигентном

Linguistic Analysis of "высокоинтеллигентном" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "высокоинтеллигентном" is an adjective in the instrumental singular masculine form, meaning "highly intelligent." It's a complex word built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: вы- (vy-) - Old Slavic, intensifying prefix.
• Root: сок- (sok-) - from "сок" (sok) meaning "juice, essence," metaphorically extended to "strength, capacity" and then "high degree."
• Interfix: -о- (-o-) - connecting vowel, common in Russian compound words.
• Root: интеллект- (intellekt-) - borrowed from French/Latin "intellectus" (intellect).
• Suffix: -н- (-n-) - participial suffix, forming a qualitative adjective.
• Suffix: -ом (-om) - instrumental singular masculine case ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fourth syllable: вы-со-ко-ин-те-лли-гент-ном.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɨsɐˈkɔɪntʲɪlʲɪˈɡʲentnəm/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets, but vowel reduction significantly impacts perceived syllable boundaries. The "о" in "высоко" is often reduced to /ɐ/ in unstressed positions.

7. Grammatical Role:

As an adjective in the instrumental case, the syllabification remains consistent. If it were a noun (which is not possible with this root), the case endings might shift, potentially altering the final syllable.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: высокоинтеллигентный (vysokointelligentnyy)
• Translation: Highly intelligent, highly cultured.
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: образованный (obrazovannyy - educated), умный (umnyy - smart), культурный (kulturnyy - cultured)
• Antonyms: необразованный (neobrazovannyy - uneducated), глупый (glupy - stupid)
• Examples:
  • Он был высокоинтеллигентным человеком. (On byl vysokointelligentnym chelovekom.) - He was a highly intelligent person.
  • Её высокоинтеллигентное поведение поражало всех. (Yeyo vysokointelligentnoye povedeniye porazhalo vsekh.) - Her highly cultured behavior amazed everyone.

9. Phonological Comparison:

• высокий (vysokiy) - high: вы-со-кий /vɨˈsokʲɪj/ - Similar structure, stress on the second syllable.
• интеллигент (intelligent) - intellectual: ин-тел-ли-гент /ɪntʲɪlʲɪˈɡʲent/ - Shares the "интеллект" root, stress pattern is similar.
• комфортный (komfortnyy) - comfortable: ком-форт-ный /kəmˈfortnɨj/ - Similar suffix structure (-ный), but different root and stress.

The differences in stress placement are due to the varying weight and phonological structure of the prefixes and roots.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are generally split, with the onset principle prioritized. (e.g., "ин-тел-ли-гент")
• Rule 2: Vowel-Consonant-Vowel: Syllables are often formed around vowel nuclei (e.g., "вы-со-ко").
• Rule 3: Maximizing Onsets: Russian tends to maximize onsets, meaning consonants are preferred at the beginning of syllables.
• Rule 4: Vowel Reduction: Unstressed vowels are reduced, influencing the perceived syllable boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

The word is relatively straightforward in its syllabification, but vowel reduction can make the boundaries less clear in spoken language. The interfix "-о-" is a common feature in Russian compound words and doesn't typically create a separate syllable.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slightly different degrees of vowel reduction.