Hyphenation ofвысокоинтеллигентному
Syllable Division:
вы-со-ко-ин-те-лли-гент-но-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vɨsɐˈkɔɪntʲɪlʲɪˈɡʲentnəmʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000000101
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('гент').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, light weight.
Open syllable, light weight, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, light weight, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, light weight, 'н' palatalized.
Open syllable, light weight, 'т' palatalized.
Open syllable, light weight, 'л' palatalized.
Closed syllable, heavy weight, 'г' palatalized.
Open syllable, light weight, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, light weight, final syllable, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: вы-
Old Slavic, denotes high degree
Root: интеллигент-
From French 'intelligent', ultimately from Latin 'intellegere'
Suffix: -ному
Dative singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending
Highly intelligent, cultured, refined.
Translation: Highly intelligent
Examples:
"Он был высокоинтеллигентному человеку."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'интеллигент-' and similar adjectival endings.
Shares the 'высоко-' prefix and similar adjectival endings.
Shares the root 'интеллигент-'.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime Principle
Syllables are formed around a nucleus (vowel or syllabic consonant) with optional onset and coda.
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Consonant clusters are resolved based on sonority.
Avoidance of Single-Consonant Onsets
Russian generally avoids syllables beginning with a single consonant if it can be grouped with a following vowel.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Consonant palatalization before vowels.
The tendency to avoid single-consonant onsets.
Summary:
The word 'высокоинтеллигентному' is a Russian adjective meaning 'highly intelligent'. It's syllabified as вы-со-ко-ин-те-лли-гент-но-му, with stress on the penultimate syllable. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules, considering vowel reduction and consonant palatalization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "высокоинтеллигентному" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "высокоинтеллигентному" is a Russian adjective in the dative singular masculine/neuter form. It describes something or someone as highly intelligent. The pronunciation involves a complex interplay of vowel reduction and consonant palatalization, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: вы- (vy-) - Old Slavic, prefix denoting high degree or intensity.
- Root: со- (so-) - from the root "intellect", ultimately from Latin "intellegere" (to understand). This root is often found in words related to intelligence and thought.
- Suffix: -о- (-o-) - connecting vowel, common in Russian compound words.
- Suffix: -интеллигент- (-intelligent-) - borrowed from French "intelligent", adapted to Russian morphology.
- Suffix: -ному (-nomu) - dative singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: вы-со-ко-ин-те-лли-гент-но-му.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vɨsɐˈkɔɪntʲɪlʲɪˈɡʲentnəmʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| вы | /vɨ/ | Onset-Rime: 'в' is the onset, 'ы' is the nucleus. Syllable weight is light. | |
| со | /sɐ/ | Onset-Rime: 'с' is the onset, 'о' is the nucleus. Syllable weight is light. | Vowel reduction can occur in unstressed syllables. |
| ко | /kɔ/ | Onset-Rime: 'к' is the onset, 'о' is the nucleus. Syllable weight is light. | Vowel reduction. |
| ин | /ɪn/ | Onset-Rime: 'и' is the onset, 'н' is the nucleus. Syllable weight is light. | Palatalization of 'н' due to following vowel. |
| те | /tʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'т' is the onset, 'е' is the nucleus. Syllable weight is light. | Palatalization of 'т' due to following vowel. |
| ли | /lʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'л' is the onset, 'и' is the nucleus. Syllable weight is light. | Palatalization of 'л' due to following vowel. |
| гент | /ɡʲent/ | Onset-Rime: 'г' is the onset, 'е' is the nucleus, 'нт' is the coda. Syllable weight is heavy. | Palatalization of 'г' due to following vowel. |
| но | /nɔ/ | Onset-Rime: 'н' is the onset, 'о' is the nucleus. Syllable weight is light. | Vowel reduction. |
| му | /mʊ/ | Onset-Rime: 'м' is the onset, 'у' is the nucleus. Syllable weight is light. | Final syllable, often subject to vowel reduction. |
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids leaving a consonant as the sole onset of a syllable. This is why "интеллигентному" is divided as it is, rather than "ин-те-лли-гент-но-му".
8. Grammatical Role:
The syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether the word is used as an adjective modifying a noun.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: высокоинтеллигентному
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- Definition: Highly intelligent, cultured, refined.
- Translation: Highly intelligent
- Synonyms: образованному (educated), умному (smart), просвещенному (enlightened)
- Antonyms: необразованному (uneducated), глупому (stupid)
- Examples: "Он был высокоинтеллигентному человеку." (He was a highly intelligent person.)
- Grammatical Category: Dative singular masculine/neuter adjective.
10. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| интеллигентный | ин-те-лли-гент-ный | Similar root and suffix structure. Stress pattern is also comparable. |
| высокообразованному | вы-со-ко-о-бра-зо-ван-но-му | Shares the "высоко-" prefix and similar adjectival endings. |
| интеллигенция | ин-те-лли-ген-ци-я | Shares the root "интеллигент-". Demonstrates how the root is syllabified. |
11. Division Rules:
- Onset-Rime Principle: Syllables are formed around a nucleus (vowel or syllabic consonant) with an optional onset and coda.
- Sonority Sequencing Principle: Consonant clusters are resolved based on sonority, with more sonorous sounds tending to be nuclei or syllable peaks.
- Avoidance of Single-Consonant Onsets: Russian generally avoids syllables beginning with a single consonant if it can be grouped with a following vowel.
12. Special Considerations:
Vowel reduction is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation, affecting the quality of unstressed vowels. Palatalization of consonants before vowels also plays a crucial role.
13. Short Analysis:
"высокоинтеллигентному" is a complex Russian adjective meaning "highly intelligent." It's syllabified as вы-со-ко-ин-те-лли-гент-но-му, with stress on the penultimate syllable. The word is morphologically composed of a prefix, root (borrowed from Latin), suffixes, and an adjectival ending. Syllabification follows the onset-rime principle, with considerations for vowel reduction and consonant palatalization.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.