Hyphenation ofвоздухонепроницаемой

Linguistic Analysis of "воздухонепроницаемой" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "воздухонепроницаемой" is a long, complex adjective meaning "airtight" or "impermeable to air." Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: воз- (voz-) - From the preposition "воз" meaning "up," "out," or "away." Functions to indicate direction or completion of an action.
• Root: дух- (dukh-) - Meaning "air," "spirit," or "breath." Originates from Proto-Slavic *duchъ.
• Interfix: -о- (-o-) - Connects the root to the following morpheme.
• Root: про- (pro-) - Indicates completeness or thoroughness.
• Root: ниц- (nits-) - From the root "ница" meaning "penetration".
• Suffix: -аем- (-aem-) - A present passive participle suffix.
• Suffix: -ой (-oy) - Adjectival ending, feminine singular nominative/accusative.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: воз-ду-хо-не-про-ни́-ца-е-мой.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɐzduxɐnʲɪprɐˈnʲit͡səɪmɐj/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification can be complex due to consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key here. Vowel reduction (akan'ye and ikan'ye) also plays a role in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the written syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., if used as part of a compound noun, the syllable division doesn't change).

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Не пропускающий воздух; герметичный (ne propuskayushchiy vozdukh; germetichnyy)
• Translation: Airtight, impermeable to air, hermetic.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное - prilagatel'noye)
• Synonyms: герметичный (germetichnyy), воздухонепроницаемый (vozdukhonepronitsayemyy)
• Antonyms: проницаемый (pronitsayemyy), пористый (poristy)
• Examples:
  • "Воздухонепроницаемая упаковка" ("Vozdukhonepronitsayemaya upakovka") - "Airtight packaging."
  • "Комната была воздухонепроницаемой." ("Komnata byla vozdukhonepronitsayemoy.") - "The room was airtight."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• Воздухоплавательный (vozdukhoplavatel'nyy): "Airborne" - во-зду-хо-пла-ва-тель-ный. Similar initial syllables, demonstrating the consistent application of CV syllable structure.
• Проницаемый (pronitsayemyy): "Permeable" - про-ни-ца-е-мый. Shares the "про-ниц-" root, showing consistent syllabification of this morpheme.
• Непроницаемый (nepronitsayemyy): "Impermeable" - не-про-ни-ца-е-мый. Similar to the target word, highlighting the consistent handling of consonant clusters.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Russian favors CV (consonant-vowel) syllables. Syllable breaks occur to maximize the number of open syllables.
• Rule 2: Sonority Hierarchy: When consonant clusters occur, syllables are divided to place more sonorous sounds (vowels, liquids, nasals) in syllable peaks.
• Rule 3: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are often broken up, with one consonant moving to the following syllable if it cannot form a stable onset.

11. Special Considerations:

The word's length and numerous consonant clusters present a challenge. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables doesn't affect the written syllable division.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations in vowel reduction might occur, but these do not alter the syllable division.