Hyphenation ofвысокоинтеллектуальная

Linguistic Analysis of "высокоинтеллектуальная" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "высокоинтеллектуальная" (vysoko-intellektual'naya) is a feminine singular adjective meaning "highly intellectual." It's a complex word formed through compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: высо- (vysoko-) - From Old East Slavic vъsokъ meaning "high." Function: Intensifier, indicating a high degree of the quality described by the root.
• Root: интеллект- (intellekt-) - Borrowed from Latin intellectus meaning "understanding, intellect." Function: Core meaning of the word.
• Suffix: -уальн- (-ual'n-) - Borrowed from French -ual, ultimately from Latin -ualis. Function: Adjectival suffix, forming a quality adjective.
• Suffix: -ая (-aya) - Feminine singular adjectival ending. Function: Grammatical gender and number marking.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: вы-со-ко-ин-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-ная.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɨsɐˈkɔɪntʲɪlʲɪkˈtu̯ælʲnəjə/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• вы- /vɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before vowels. No exceptions.
• со- /sɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. No exceptions.
• ко- /kɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. No exceptions.
• ин- /ɪn/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. No exceptions.
• тел- /tʲɪlʲ/ - Closed syllable. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'е'. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. No exceptions.
• лек- /ɛk/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. No exceptions.
• ту- /tu/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. No exceptions.
• а́ль- /álʲ/ - Stressed, closed syllable. Rule: Stress influences vowel quality and syllable prominence. No exceptions.
• на- /nə/ - Open syllable. Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed syllables. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. No exceptions.
• я /jə/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before the final consonant. No exceptions.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the breakdown presented here is the most common and phonologically justifiable.

8. Grammatical Role:

As an adjective, the word's syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: высокоинтеллектуальная
• Part of Speech: Adjective (Feminine Singular)
• Definitions:
  • "Highly intellectual"
  • "Of a very high level of intelligence"
• Translation: Highly intellectual
• Synonyms: умная (umnaya - smart), образованная (obrazovannaya - educated)
• Antonyms: необразованная (neobrazovannaya - uneducated), глупая (glupaya - stupid)
• Examples:
  • "Она очень высокоинтеллектуальная женщина." (Ona ochen' vysokointellektual'naya zhenshchina.) - "She is a very highly intellectual woman."
  • "Высокоинтеллектуальная деятельность требует концентрации." (Vysokointellektual'naya deyatel'nost' trebuet kontsentratsii.) - "Highly intellectual activity requires concentration."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• интеллектуальный (intellektual'nyy - intellectual): ин-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-ный. Similar structure, stress on the 'а́ль' syllable.
• высокообразованный (vysokoobrazovannyy - highly educated): вы-со-ко-об-ра-зо-ван-ный. Similar prefix 'высо-' and stress pattern.
• инновационный (innovatsionnyy - innovative): ин-но-ва-ци-он-ный. Demonstrates a different consonant cluster breakdown, but still follows the rule of syllable division before vowels.