Hyphenation ofвысокоинтеллектуальному
Syllable Division:
вы-со-ко-ин-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-но-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vɨsɐˈkɔɪntʲɪlʲɪkˈtu̯alʲnəmu/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0001000100
Primary stress falls on the fourth syllable (ин-), indicated by '1'. All other syllables are unstressed ('0').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster broken before vowel.
Closed syllable, palatalization of 'т'
Closed syllable, palatalization of 'л'
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, stressed, palatalization of 'л'
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: вы-
Old Slavic, denotes 'high', 'very', 'exceedingly'
Root: интеллект-
From Latin *intellectus* (understanding, intellect)
Suffix: -уал-н-ому
-уал- from French, adjective forming suffix; -н- participial suffix; -ому dative/locative singular masculine ending
Highly intellectual
Translation: Highly intellectual
Examples:
"Он обратился к высокоинтеллектуальному собеседнику."
"Мы благодарны высокоинтеллектуальному профессору."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'интеллект-' and similar suffix structure.
Shares the initial syllables and similar morphological structure.
Shares the prefix 'высоко-' and similar suffix structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-centric Syllabification
Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Consonant clusters are broken before a vowel when necessary.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced in quality (e.g., /o/ to /ɐ/).
Palatalization
Consonants are palatalized before front vowels (e.g., /t/ to /tʲ/ before /i/).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation and syllabification. Palatalization affects syllable structure and pronunciation.
Summary:
The word 'высокоинтеллектуальному' is a complex adjective formed from a prefix, Latin-derived root, and multiple suffixes. Syllabification follows the vowel-centric rule, with vowel reduction and palatalization influencing pronunciation. Stress falls on the fourth syllable. The word means 'highly intellectual' and is used in the dative/locative case.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "высокоинтеллектуальному" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "высокоинтеллектуальному" is a masculine singular dative/locative adjective meaning "to/for a highly intellectual person" or "of a highly intellectual person". It's a relatively long word, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: вы- (vy-) - Old Slavic, prefix denoting "high," "very," or "exceedingly."
- Root: интеллект- (intellekt-) - From Latin intellectus (understanding, intellect).
- Suffix: -уал- (-ual-) - A suffix forming adjectives from nouns, derived from French.
- Suffix: -н- (-n-) - A participial suffix, indicating passive voice or quality.
- Suffix: -ому (-omu) - Dative/Locative singular masculine ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fourth syllable: вы-со-ко-ин-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-но-му.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vɨsɐˈkɔɪntʲɪlʲɪkˈtu̯alʲnəmu/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- вы- /vɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
- со- /sɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed position.
- ко- /kɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed position.
- ин- /ɪn/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel. No exceptions.
- тел- /tʲɪl/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'и'.
- лек- /lʲɪk/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'и'.
- ту- /tu/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
- а́ль- /aˈlʲ/ - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Stress influences vowel quality and length. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'ь'.
- но- /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed position.
- му /mu/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking up consonant clusters unless they are complex or involve sonorants. The "интеллектуальному" portion presents a longer cluster, but it's broken down according to the vowel-centric rule.
8. Grammatical Role:
The syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether the word is used as an adjective modifying a noun.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: высокоинтеллектуальному
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "Highly intellectual"
- "To/for a highly intellectual person" (dative/locative case)
- Translation: Highly intellectual
- Synonyms: умному (umnomu - intelligent), образованному (obrazovannomu - educated)
- Antonyms: неинтеллектуальному (neintellektual'nomu - unintellectual)
- Examples:
- "Он обратился к высокоинтеллектуальному собеседнику." (He turned to a highly intellectual interlocutor.)
- "Мы благодарны высокоинтеллектуальному профессору." (We are grateful to the highly intellectual professor.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally don't affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- интеллектуальный (intellektual'nyy): и-н-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-ный. Similar structure, stress on the 'а́ль' syllable.
- интеллигентный (intelligentnyy): и-н-тел-ли-ге́нт-ный. Similar initial syllables, stress on 'ге́нт'.
- высокообразованный (vysokoobrazovannyy): вы-со-ко-о-бра-зо-ван-ный. Similar prefix, stress on 'о́бра'.
The differences in stress placement and syllable count are due to the varying lengths and morphological structures of the root and suffixes. The consistent application of vowel-centric syllabification is maintained across these words.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.