Hyphenation ofвысокоинтеллектуальную
Syllable Division:
вы-со-ко-ин-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-ну-ю
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vɨsɐˈkɔɪntʲɪlʲɪktʊˈalʲnʊjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000001001
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('а́ль').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset 'в', nucleus 'ы'
Open syllable, onset 'с', nucleus 'о'
Open syllable, onset 'к', nucleus 'о'
Open syllable, onset 'и', nucleus 'н'
Closed syllable, onset 'т', nucleus 'е', coda 'л'. Palatalization of 'т'
Closed syllable, onset 'л', nucleus 'е', coda 'к'. Palatalization of 'л'
Open syllable, onset 'т', nucleus 'у'
Open syllable, nucleus 'а', onset 'л'. Primary stress.
Open syllable, onset 'н', nucleus 'у'
Open syllable, onset 'j', nucleus 'у'
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: высо-
Old East Slavic origin, meaning 'high', 'highly'.
Root: интеллект-
Latin origin (*intellectus*) via French/German, meaning 'intellect'.
Suffix: -уальн-
French/Latin origin, adjective-forming suffix.
Highly intellectual
Translation: Highly intellectual
Examples:
"Она была высокоинтеллектуальной женщиной."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the same root and similar suffix structure.
Shares the same prefix and similar syllable structure.
Similar root structure and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime
Each syllable consists of an onset (optional) and a rime (nucleus and optional coda).
Vowel as Nucleus
Vowels typically serve as the nucleus of a syllable.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are resolved based on sonority and phonotactic constraints.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'и'.
Russian avoids single-consonant syllables.
Summary:
The word 'высокоинтеллектуальную' is a complex adjective with ten syllables, stressed on the penultimate syllable. Syllabification follows the onset-rime principle, with vowel nuclei and consideration for consonant clusters and palatalization. It's formed from a prefix, Latin-derived root, and suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "высокоинтеллектуальную" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "высокоинтеллектуальную" is a long, complex adjective meaning "highly intellectual." It's formed through extensive affixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: высо- (vysoko-) - From Old East Slavic, meaning "high," "highly."
- Root: интеллект- (intellekt-) - Borrowed from Latin intellectus via French/German, meaning "intellect."
- Suffix: -уальн- (-ual'n-) - Borrowed from French/Latin, forming an adjective.
- Suffix: -ую (-uyu) - Feminine singular adjectival ending, indicating agreement with a feminine noun.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: вы-со-ко-ин-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-ную.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vɨsɐˈkɔɪntʲɪlʲɪktʊˈalʲnʊjʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| вы | /vɨ/ | Onset-Rime: 'в' is the onset, 'ы' is the nucleus. | |
| со | /sɔ/ | Onset-Rime: 'с' is the onset, 'о' is the nucleus. | |
| ко | /kɔ/ | Onset-Rime: 'к' is the onset, 'о' is the nucleus. | |
| ин | /ɪn/ | Onset-Rime: 'и' is the onset, 'н' is the nucleus. | |
| тел | /tʲel/ | Onset-Rime: 'т' is the onset, 'е' is the nucleus, 'л' is the coda. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'е'. | |
| лек | /lʲek/ | Onset-Rime: 'л' is the onset, 'е' is the nucleus, 'к' is the coda. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'е'. | |
| ту | /tʊ/ | Onset-Rime: 'т' is the onset, 'у' is the nucleus. | |
| а́ль | /aˈlʲ/ | Onset-Rime: 'а' is the nucleus, 'л' is the onset. Stress on this syllable. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'ь'. | |
| ну | /nʊ/ | Onset-Rime: 'н' is the onset, 'у' is the nucleus. | |
| ю | /jʊ/ | Onset-Rime: 'j' is the onset, 'у' is the nucleus. |
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids leaving a consonant as a syllable on its own. This is why 'ин' is a syllable, even though it's a short onset-nucleus combination. The palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'и' is a crucial phonetic feature influencing syllable structure.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were used as a noun (rare, but possible in certain contexts), the stress pattern would likely remain the same, and the syllabification wouldn't change.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: высокоинтеллектуальную
- Part of Speech: Adjective (feminine singular)
- Definitions:
- "Highly intellectual"
- "Of high intellect"
- Translation: Highly intellectual
- Synonyms: умную (umnuyu - smart), образованную (obrazovannuyu - educated)
- Antonyms: неинтеллектуальную (neintellektual'nuyu - unintellectual)
- Examples: "Она была высокоинтеллектуальной женщиной." (Ona byla vysokointellektual'noy zhenshchinoy - She was a highly intellectual woman.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations wouldn't fundamentally alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- интеллектуальный (intellektual'nyy - intellectual): ин-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-ный. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- высокообразованный (vysokoobrazovannyy - highly educated): вы-со-ко-об-ра-зо-ван-ный. Similar prefix, stress pattern.
- инновационный (innovatsionnyy - innovative): ин-но-ва-ци-о́н-ный. Similar root structure, stress pattern.
The differences in syllable division arise from the varying consonant clusters and vowel sequences within each word, but the underlying principles of Russian syllabification remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.