Hyphenation ofвысокотемпературные

Linguistic Analysis of "высокотемпературные" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "высокотемпературные" (vysokotemperaturnye) is an adjective meaning "high-temperature". It's a complex word formed through compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: высоко- (vysoko-) - From Old Russian высокъ (vysokъ) meaning "high". Function: Intensifier, indicating a high degree of the following attribute.
• Root: температур- (temperatur-) - Borrowed from French température, ultimately from Latin temperatura. Function: Core meaning relating to temperature.
• Suffix: -ные (-nye) - A relative adjective suffix, forming an adjective from a noun or another adjective. Function: Indicates a quality or characteristic related to the root.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: вы-со-ко-тем-пе-ра-ту́р-ные.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɨsɐkɐtʲɪmʲpʲɪrɐˈturnɨjɪ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• вы- (/vɨ/) - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
• со- (/sɐ/) - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Vowel reduction occurs here (о -> а).
• ко- (/kɐ/) - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Vowel reduction occurs here (о -> а).
• тем- (/tʲɪm/) - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. The palatalization of 'т' is due to the following 'е'.
• пе- (/pʲɪ/) - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of 'п' due to following 'е'.
• ра- (/rɐ/) - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Vowel reduction occurs here (а -> а).
• ту́р- (/tʊr/) - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Stress influences vowel quality.
• ные (/nɨjɪ/) - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Vowel reduction occurs here (ы -> ы).

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification can be complex with consonant clusters. The rule of breaking consonant clusters before vowels is generally followed, but palatalization influences the division.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: высокотемпературные (vysokotemperaturnye)
• Translation: High-temperature
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: жаростойкие (zharostoykiye - heat-resistant), высоконагретые (vysokonagretiye - highly heated)
• Antonyms: низкотемпературные (nizkotemperaturnye - low-temperature)
• Examples:
  • "Высокотемпературные материалы используются в космической промышленности." (High-temperature materials are used in the space industry.)
  • "Высокотемпературные процессы требуют специального оборудования." (High-temperature processes require special equipment.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel reduction can occur depending on dialect. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• автомобильный (avtomobil'nyy): a-вто-мо-би́ль-ный. Similar structure with compounding and suffixation. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
• электротехнический (elektrotekhnicheskiy): э-лек-тро-тех-ни́-че-ский. Similar complex structure. Stress falls on the fifth syllable.
• материаловедение (materialovedeniye): ма-те-ри-а-ло-ве́-де-ни-е. Demonstrates vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. Stress falls on the sixth syllable.

The differences in syllable division and stress placement are due to the varying lengths and structures of the root words and affixes. The general rules of syllable division before vowels and consonant cluster breaking remain consistent.