Hyphenation ofвысокотемпературный
Syllable Division:
вы-со-ко-тем-пе-ра-ту́р-ный
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vɨsɐkətʲɪmʲpʲɪrɐˈturnɨj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00010010
Primary stress falls on the seventh syllable (ту́р-).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, consonant palatalization.
Closed syllable, consonant palatalization.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, primary stress.
Closed syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: высоко-
Old East Slavic origin, intensifier.
Root: температур-
Borrowed from French/Latin, core meaning of temperature.
Suffix: -н-ый
Slavic adjectival suffix.
Relating to or characterized by high temperatures.
Translation: High-temperature
Examples:
"высокотемпературная печь"
"высокотемпературные материалы"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar morphological structure and root.
Shares the 'высоко-' prefix and similar syllable structure.
Root word, demonstrating the core syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Based Division
Syllables are generally divided before vowels.
Consonant Cluster Handling
Consonant clusters are broken before vowels, prioritizing pronounceability.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa or other reduced forms.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before 'е'.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian pronunciation.
Stress placement is not entirely predictable and follows complex rules.
Summary:
The word 'высокотемпературный' is syllabified based on vowel placement and consonant cluster handling, with stress on the seventh syllable. It's a complex adjective formed from a prefix, root (borrowed from Latin), and a Slavic suffix. Vowel reduction is prominent in unstressed syllables.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "высокотемпературный" (vysokotemperaturnyy)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "высокотемпературный" (vysokotemperaturnyy) is a complex adjective meaning "high-temperature." It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel placement and consonant clusters, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: высоко- (vysoko-) - From Old East Slavic vъsokъ meaning "high." Function: Intensifier, indicating a high degree of the following attribute.
- Root: температур- (temperatur-) - Borrowed from French température, ultimately from Latin temperatura. Function: Core meaning relating to temperature.
- Suffix: -н-ый (-n-yy) - A common adjectival suffix in Russian, forming a relative adjective. Origin: Slavic. Function: Indicates a quality or attribute related to the root.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: вы-со-ко-тем-пе-ра-ту́р-ный.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vɨsɐkətʲɪmʲpʲɪrɐˈturnɨj/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- вы- (vy-): /vɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
- со- (so-): /sɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Vowel reduction (о to а) due to unstressed position.
- ко- (ko-): /kə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Vowel reduction (о to а) due to unstressed position.
- тем- (tem-): /tʲɪm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. The palatalization of 'т' is due to the following 'е'.
- пе- (pe-): /pʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. The palatalization of 'п' is due to the following 'е'.
- ра- (ra-): /rɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Vowel reduction (а to а) due to unstressed position.
- ту́р- (tur-): /tʊr/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. This syllable receives the primary stress.
- ный (nyy): /nɨj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Vowel reduction (ы to ы) due to unstressed position.
7. Edge Case Review:
The consonant cluster "тр" (tr) is relatively common in Russian and doesn't present a significant syllabification challenge. The palatalization of consonants before 'е' is a standard phonetic process.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: высокотемпературный (vysokotemperaturnyy)
- Translation: High-temperature
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: жаростойкий (zharostoykiy - heat-resistant), высоконагретый (vysokonagretiy - highly heated)
- Antonyms: низкотемпературный (nizkotemperaturnyy - low-temperature)
- Examples:
- "высокотемпературная печь" (vysokotemperaturnaya pech') - high-temperature furnace
- "высокотемпературные материалы" (vysokotemperaturnye materialy) - high-temperature materials
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, slight variations in vowel reduction can occur depending on regional accents. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- низкотемпературный (nizkotemperaturnyy): ни-зко-тем-пе-ра-ту́р-ный. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- высококачественный (vysokokachestvennyy): вы-со-ко-ка-че-ст-вен-ный. Similar prefix and structure, stress pattern differs.
- температурный (temperaturnyy): тем-пе-ра-ту́р-ный. Root word, demonstrating the core syllable structure.
The consistency in syllable division across these words highlights the application of the same rules – vowel-based division and handling of consonant clusters. Differences in stress placement are governed by Russian stress rules, which are not entirely predictable.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.