Hyphenation ofвысокотехнологичное
Syllable Division:
вы-со-ко-тех-но-ло-гич-ное
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vɨsɐˈkɐtʲɪxnəlɐɡʲɪt͡ɕnəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00000010
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('гич').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, palatalization of 'т'.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, palatalization of 'г'.
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: вы-
Proto-Slavic origin, intensifying prefix.
Root: техн-
Greek origin (τέχνη), meaning 'technology'.
Suffix: -ое
Russian adjectival ending (neuter).
Relating to or involving the most modern and advanced technology.
Translation: High-tech
Examples:
"Высокотехнологичное оборудование"
"Это высокотехнологичное предприятие"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with alternating consonant-vowel patterns.
Shares the 'tekhn-' root and similar suffixation.
Similar length and complexity, showcasing the application of the sonority principle.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Principle
Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants gravitating towards the vowel based on sonority.
Onset-Rime Structure
Russian syllables generally follow an onset-rime structure.
Palatalization Influence
Palatalization of consonants influences syllable boundaries.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Consonant clusters can sometimes lead to ambiguity, but the sonority principle generally resolves these cases.
Summary:
The word 'высокотехнологичное' is an eight-syllable adjective with stress on the penultimate syllable. Syllabification follows the sonority principle and is influenced by palatalization. The word is morphologically complex, combining prefixes, roots of various origins (Slavic, Greek), and suffixes to convey its meaning of 'high-tech'.
Detailed Analysis:
Analysis of "высокотехнологичное" (vysokotekhnologichnoye)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "высокотехнологичное" is a relatively modern Russian word, an adjective meaning "high-tech." Its pronunciation involves a complex interplay of consonant and vowel sounds, including palatalization and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: вы- (vy-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefix indicating "high," "intensive," or "exceeding."
- Root: сок- (sok-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Root relating to "juice," but in this context, it's part of the compound relating to "technology." This is a less transparent root, contributing to the overall meaning through compounding.
- Root: техн- (tekhn-) - Origin: Greek (τέχνη - tekhnē). Function: Root denoting "technology," "art," or "skill."
- Suffix: -о- (o) - Origin: Russian. Function: Linking vowel, common in compound words.
- Suffix: -лог- (log-) - Origin: Greek (λόγος - logos). Function: Root relating to "word," "reason," or "study," contributing to the "science" aspect of technology.
- Suffix: -ичн- (-ichn-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Adjectival suffix forming adjectives from nouns.
- Suffix: -ое (-oye) - Origin: Russian. Function: Adjectival ending, indicating neuter gender, nominative/accusative case.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: вы-со-ко-тех-но-ло-гич-ное.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vɨsɐˈkɐtʲɪxnəlɐɡʲɪt͡ɕnəjə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Explanation | Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| вы | /vɨ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | |
| со | /sɐ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| ко | /kɐ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| тех | /tʲɪx/ | Closed syllable. Consonant cluster followed by a vowel. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'и'. | |
| но | /nɐ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| ло | /lɐ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| гич | /ɡʲɪt͡ɕ/ | Closed syllable. Palatalization of 'г' due to following 'и'. | |
| ное | /nəjə/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
Division Rules Applied:
- Sonority Principle: Syllables tend to be formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants gravitating towards either the preceding or following vowel based on sonority.
- Onset-Rime Structure: Russian syllables generally follow an onset-rime structure, where the onset is the initial consonant(s) and the rime consists of the vowel and any following consonants.
- Palatalization Influence: Palatalization of consonants influences syllable boundaries, particularly when a palatalized consonant precedes a vowel.
7. Exceptions & Special Cases:
- Vowel reduction is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation, affecting the quality of unstressed vowels.
- The presence of consonant clusters can sometimes lead to ambiguity in syllable division, but the sonority principle generally resolves these cases.
8. Grammatical Role & Syllabification:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical function.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: высокотехнологичное (vysokotekhnologichnoye)
- Translation: High-tech
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: передовое (peredovoye - advanced), современное (sovremennoye - modern)
- Antonyms: устаревшее (ustarevsheye - outdated), примитивное (primitivnoye - primitive)
- Examples:
- "Высокотехнологичное оборудование" - "High-tech equipment"
- "Это высокотехнологичное предприятие" - "This is a high-tech enterprise."
10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exist in vowel reduction patterns. However, the core syllable division remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| современный (sovremenniy) | со-вре-мен-ный | Similar syllable structure with alternating consonant-vowel patterns. |
| технологический (tekhnologicheskiy) | тех-но-ло-ги-че-ский | Shares the "tekhn-" root and similar suffixation, demonstrating consistent syllabification patterns. |
| информационный (informatsionniy) | ин-фор-ма-ци-он-ный | Similar length and complexity, showcasing the application of the sonority principle and vowel reduction. |
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of dividing words across lines in print or on websites. It involves inserting hyphens (-) where a word breaks to continue on the next line.
Proper hyphenation improves readability by reducing the unevenness of word spacing and unnecessary large gaps. It also helps avoid confusion that may occur when part of a word carries over. Ideal hyphenation should break words according to pronunciation and syllables. Most word processors and publishing apps have automated tools to handle hyphenation effectively based on language rules and dictionaries. Though subtle, proper hyphenation improves overall typography and reading comfort.