Hyphenation ofвысокотехнологичные

Linguistic Analysis of "высокотехнологичные" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "высокотехнологичные" (vysokotekhnologichnyye) is an adjective meaning "high-tech" or "advanced technological." It's a relatively complex word formed through compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: высоко- (vysoko-) - From Old Russian vъsokъ meaning "high." Function: Intensifier, indicating a high degree of the following quality.
• Root: технологи- (tekhnologi-) - Borrowed from Greek τέχνη (tékhnē) meaning "art, skill, craft" and λογία (logía) meaning "study of." Function: Core meaning related to technology.
• Suffix: -чные (-chnyye) - A suffix forming relative adjectives. Function: Creates an adjective denoting belonging to or relating to the root.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: вы-со-ко-тех-но-ло-гич-ные.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɨsɐˈkɐtʲɪxnəlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕnɨjə/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, including IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• вы- /vɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before vowels. No exceptions.
• со- /sɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. Vowel reduction (о to а) due to unstressed position.
• ко- /kɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. Vowel reduction (о to а) due to unstressed position.
• тех- /tʲɪx/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. The palatalization of the 'т' is due to the following 'и'.
• но- /nɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. Vowel reduction (о to а) due to unstressed position.
• ло- /lɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. Vowel reduction (о to а) due to unstressed position.
• гич- /ɡʲit͡ɕ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. Palatalization of 'г' due to following 'и'.
• ные /nɨjə/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. Vowel reduction (ы to и) due to unstressed position. The final 'е' is a reduced vowel.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification can be complex with consonant clusters. The rule of breaking consonant clusters before vowels is generally followed, but palatalization influences the division.

8. Grammatical Role:

As an adjective, the syllabification and stress remain consistent. If used as a noun (less common, but possible in certain contexts), the stress might shift slightly, but the syllable division would largely remain the same.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: высокотехнологичные (vysokotekhnologichnyye)
• Translation: High-tech, advanced technological
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: передовые (peredovye - advanced), современные (sovremennye - modern)
• Antonyms: устаревшие (ustarevshiye - outdated), примитивные (primitivnye - primitive)
• Examples:
  • "Высокотехнологичные компании привлекают лучших специалистов." (Vysokotekhnologichnyye kompanii privlekayut luchshikh spetsialistov.) - "High-tech companies attract the best specialists."
  • "Это высокотехнологичное оборудование." (Eto vysokotekhnologichnoye oborudovaniye.) - "This is high-tech equipment."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slightly different degrees of vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally don't significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• автомобиль (avtomobil'): a-вто-мо-биль. Similar structure with consonant clusters broken before vowels.
• информация (informatsiya): ин-фор-ма-ци-я. Similar pattern of open and closed syllables.
• компьютер (komp'yuter): ком-пью-тер. Demonstrates consonant cluster division and vowel reduction.

The differences lie in the specific consonant clusters and vowel qualities, but the underlying syllabification principles remain consistent.