Hyphenation ofдезинформировавшимся

Linguistic Analysis of "дезинформировавшимся" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "дезинформировавшимся" is a complex verbal adjective (past active participle) derived from the verb "дезинформировать" (to disinform). Its pronunciation involves a series of vowel reductions typical of unstressed syllables in Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

де-зин-фор-ми-ро-вав-шим-ся

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: де- (de-), from Latin dis- meaning negation or reversal. Function: Negation.
• Root: -информирова- (-informirova-), derived from the Latin informare (to inform). Function: Core meaning of providing information.
• Suffixes:
  • -в- (-v-), linking suffix. Function: Connects the root to the following suffix.
  • -ш- (-sh-), suffix forming the past active participle. Function: Indicates past action and active voice.
  • -им- (-im-), suffix indicating masculine singular past active participle. Function: Grammatical gender and number.
  • -ся (-sya), reflexive/return particle. Function: Indicates a passive or reflexive action.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: де-зин-фор-ми-ро-вав-шим-ся.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dʲɪzʲɪn fɐrˈmʲirəvɐvʂɨm sʲæ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets, but vowel reduction significantly impacts the perceived syllable boundaries. The presence of the soft consonants (дʲ, зʲ) influences the preceding vowel quality.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word functions as a past active participle, specifically a short-form adjective modifying a noun. The syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Disinformed, being disinformed.
• Part of Speech: Adjective (past active participle)
• Translation: Disinformed, having been disinformed.
• Synonyms: обманутый (obmanutyi - deceived), введенный в заблуждение (vvedennyi v zabluzhdenie - misled)
• Antonyms: проинформированный (proinformirovannyi - informed)
• Examples:
  • "Он был дезинформирован о ситуации." (On byl dezinformirovan o situatsii.) - He was disinformed about the situation.
  • "Дезинформировавшимся гражданам было трудно принять правильное решение." (Dezinformirovavshimsya grazhdanam bylo trudno prinyat' pravil'noe reshenie.) - It was difficult for the disinformed citizens to make the right decision.

9. Phonological Comparison:

• информировать (informirovat'): ин-фор-ми-ро-вать (in-for-mi-ro-vat') - Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.
• дезинформация (dezinformatsiya): де-зин-фор-ма-ци-я (de-zin-for-ma-tsi-ya) - Similar prefix and root, stress on the fourth syllable.
• формирование (formirovaniye): фор-ми-ро-ва-ни-е (for-mi-ro-va-ni-ye) - Shares the root "формирова-" with a different prefix, stress on the third syllable.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the varying suffixes and the resulting vowel reduction patterns. The presence of the reflexive particle "-ся" in "дезинформировавшимся" adds an extra syllable.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Onset Maximization: Syllables tend to begin with a consonant whenever possible. (e.g., де-зин)
• Rule 2: Vowel-Consonant Division: Syllables are often divided between vowels and consonants. (e.g., фор-ми)
• Rule 3: Soft Consonant Influence: Soft consonants (palatalized) influence the preceding vowel, creating a distinct syllable. (e.g., ро-вав)
• Rule 4: Suffix Separation: Suffixes are generally separated into individual syllables. (e.g., -шим-ся)

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor. The "о" in "ро" is reduced to /ɐ/ in pronunciation. The soft consonants influence the preceding vowel quality.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllable division.