Hyphenation ofдезинформировавшийся

Linguistic Analysis of "дезинформировавшийся" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "дезинформировавшийся" is a past active participle masculine singular of the verb "дезинформироваться" (to disinform). It's a complex word built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

де-зин-фор-ми-ро-вав-ший-ся

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: де- (from Latin dis- meaning 'not, opposite of') - negating prefix.
• Root: -информир- (from Latin informare meaning 'to inform') - the core meaning of providing information.
• Suffix: -ова- (Russian verbal suffix, forming imperfective verbs) - indicates an ongoing or repeated action.
• Suffix: -вш- (past participle suffix) - indicates completed action.
• Suffix: -ий (adjectival suffix, masculine singular) - forms the past active participle.
• Suffix: -ся (reflexive/passive particle) - indicates the action is performed on oneself or has a reflexive quality.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: де-зин-фор-ми-ро-вав-ший-ся.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dʲɪzʲɪn fɐrˈmʲɪrəvɐvʂɨj sʲæ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are usually broken up to create syllables with a consonant-vowel structure. The 'вш' cluster is a common example where this rule applies.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word functions as an adjective (past active participle) describing a male subject who has disinformed someone or something. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use as a participle.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Having disinformed, having misled.
• Translation: Having disinformed (English)
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (past active participle)
• Synonyms: обманувший (obmanuvshiy - having deceived), введший в заблуждение (vedshiy v zabluzhdeniye - having led astray)
• Antonyms: проинформировавший (proinformiroavshiy - having informed)
• Examples:
  • "Дезинформировавшийся журналист был уволен." (Dezinformiroavshiy zhurnalist byl uvolen.) - "The journalist who had disinformed was fired."
  • "Он был дезинформировавшийся о ситуации." (On byl dezinformiroavshiy o situatsii.) - "He was misinformed about the situation."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• информировать (informirovat’): ин-фор-ми-ро-вать - Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.
• дезинформация (dezinformatsiya): де-зин-фор-ма-ци-я - Similar prefix and root, stress on the fourth syllable.
• формирование (formirovaniye): фор-ми-ро-ва-ни-е - Shares the root "-мир-" and similar suffixation, stress on the third syllable.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the varying suffixes and the presence/absence of the reflexive particle "-ся". The core syllable structure around the root remains consistent.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with a peak (nucleus) typically being a vowel.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up, favoring onsets over codas. (e.g., "вш" becomes "вав-ший")
• Rule 3: Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are generally separated at vowel boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division. The 'j' sound before 'и' is a palatalization effect and doesn't create a separate syllable.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel quality or the degree of palatalization. These variations wouldn't fundamentally alter the syllable division.