Hyphenation ofнеудовлетворительном
Syllable Division:
не-у-дов-ле-тво-ри-тель-ном
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/nʲɪˌudavʲlʲɪˈtvərʲɪtʲɪlʲnəm/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00010000
Primary stress falls on the fourth syllable ('тво' - tvo).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant.
Open syllable, initial vowel.
Closed syllable, final consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonants.
Closed syllable, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: не-
Native Slavic, negation.
Root: удовлетвор-
From French 'satisfaire' via Old Church Slavonic, meaning 'to satisfy'.
Suffix: -ительн-ом
Native Slavic, forms a qualitative adjective; -ом is the instrumental case ending.
Not satisfactory; failing to meet expectations.
Translation: Unsatisfactory
Examples:
"Результаты экзамена были неудовлетворительными."
"Его поведение было неудовлетворительным."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar prefix and suffix structure.
Similar suffix structure.
Similar syllable structure and case ending.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Consonant Syllable Division
Syllables are typically divided after a vowel followed by a consonant.
Consonant-Vowel Syllable Division
Syllables begin with a consonant followed by a vowel.
Maximizing Onsets
Russian syllabification tends to maximize consonant clusters at the beginning of syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables affects phonetic realization but not orthographic syllabification.
Palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'и' influences pronunciation but not syllable division.
Summary:
The word 'неудовлетворительном' is syllabified into eight syllables based on Russian phonological rules, prioritizing vowel-consonant and consonant-vowel divisions. It's a complex adjective formed through prefixation, root borrowing, and suffixation, with stress on the fourth syllable. Vowel reduction and palatalization are key phonetic features.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "неудовлетворительном" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "неудовлетворительном" is a long adjective meaning "unsatisfactory" in Russian. It's formed through a complex process of prefixation and inflection. Pronunciation involves a series of vowel reductions in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
не-у-дов-ле-тво-ри-тель-ном
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: не- (ne-) - Native Slavic. Negation.
- Root: -удовлетвор- (-udovletvor-) - From French "satisfaire" (via Old Church Slavonic). Meaning "to satisfy".
- Suffix: -ительн- (-itel'n-) - Native Slavic. Forms a qualitative adjective.
- Suffix: -ом (-om) - Case ending (Instrumental case, masculine singular).
4. Stress Identification:
The stress falls on the fourth syllable: не-у-дов-ле-тво-ри-тель-ном.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/nʲɪˌudavʲlʲɪˈtvərʲɪtʲɪlʲnəm/
6. Syllable Analysis & Rule Application:
Here's a breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- не (ne): /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant followed by a vowel. No exceptions.
- у (u): /u/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a vowel. No exceptions.
- дов (dov): /dov/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant. No exceptions.
- ле (le): /lʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant followed by a vowel. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'е'.
- тво (tvo): /t‿vɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant followed by a vowel. Vowel reduction of 'о' to /ɔ/ in unstressed position.
- ри (ri): /rʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant followed by a vowel. Palatalization of 'р' due to following 'и'.
- тель (tel'): /tʲɪlʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant. Palatalization of both 'т' and 'л' due to following 'е'.
- ном (nom): /nəm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant. Vowel reduction of 'о' to /ə/ in unstressed position.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable). However, vowel reduction in unstressed syllables significantly impacts the phonetic realization, but not the orthographic syllabification.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., if used as part of a predicate).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: неудовлетворительном (neudovletvoritel'nom)
- Translation: Unsatisfactory
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: плохой (plokhoy - bad), некачественный (nekachestvennyy - low-quality)
- Antonyms: удовлетворительном (udovletvoritel'nom - satisfactory), хороший (khoroshiy - good)
- Examples:
- Результаты экзамена были неудовлетворительными. (Rezultaty ekzamena byli neudovletvoritel'nymi. - The exam results were unsatisfactory.)
- Его поведение было неудовлетворительным. (Ego povedeniye bylo neudovletvoritel'nym. - His behavior was unsatisfactory.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations do not fundamentally alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- недостаточном (nedostatochnom): не-до-ста-точ-ном - Similar structure with prefix, root, and suffix. Syllabification follows the same rules.
- ответственном (otvetstvennom): от-вет-ствен-ном - Similar suffix structure. Syllabification follows the same rules.
- интересном (interesnom): ин-те-рес-ном - Syllabification follows the same rules, though the root is of Latin origin.
The consistency in syllabification across these words demonstrates the robustness of the Russian syllabification rules. Differences arise primarily due to the specific consonant and vowel sequences within each word, but the underlying principles remain constant.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.