Hyphenation ofнеудовлетворительною
Syllable Division:
не-у-дов-лет-во-ри-тель-но-ю
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/nʲɪ.ʊ.dəv.lʲɪtˈvɔ.rʲɪ.tʲɪlʲ.nə.jʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000001000
Primary stress falls on the sixth syllable ('ри').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalization, stressed.
Closed syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, single phoneme.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: не-
Proto-Slavic origin, negation.
Root: удовлетвор-
From 'удовлетворять' - 'to satisfy', Old Church Slavonic origin.
Suffix: -и-тель-но-ю
Connective vowel, agent/adjectival suffix, adjectival suffix, feminine singular inflection.
Unsatisfactory
Translation: Unsatisfactory
Examples:
"Его работа была неудовлетворительною."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shared root and suffix structure.
Shared prefix 'не-' and similar suffix structure.
Shared suffix '-тель' and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Placement
Syllables are formed around vowels, with each syllable containing at least one vowel.
Consonant Clusters
Permissible consonant clusters are maintained within syllables.
Palatalization
Consonants are palatalized before front vowels (е, и, ю, я), influencing syllable structure.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa or other reduced forms.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction is a significant factor in pronunciation and can affect syllable perception.
Palatalization of consonants influences syllable boundaries.
Consonant clusters are permissible, but their length can affect syllable weight.
Summary:
The word 'неудовлетворительною' is a complex Russian adjective syllabified into nine syllables based on vowel placement, consonant clusters, and palatalization rules. The primary stress falls on the sixth syllable. It's formed from a negative prefix, a root related to satisfaction, and several suffixes indicating adjectival function and feminine singular inflection.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "неудовлетворительною" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "неудовлетворительною" is a long, complex adjective in Russian, meaning "unsatisfactory." It's formed through extensive prefixation and inflection. Pronunciation involves a series of vowel reductions in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel placement and consonant clusters, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
не-у-дов-лет-во-ри-тель-но-ю
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: не- (ne-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Negation.
- Root: -удовлетвор- (-udovletvor-) - Origin: From the verb "удовлетворять" (udovletvoryat') - "to satisfy," ultimately from Old Church Slavonic "удовлѥти" (udovlěti) - "to satisfy." Function: Core meaning related to satisfaction.
- Suffixes:
- -и- (-i-) - Connective vowel, linking the root to the following suffix.
- -тель- (-tel') - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms an agent noun or adjective denoting someone/something that performs the action or possesses the quality.
- -но- (-no-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Adjectival suffix.
- -ю (-yu) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Feminine singular nominative/accusative inflectional ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the sixth syllable: не-у-дов-лет-во-ри-тель-но-ю.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/nʲɪ.ʊ.dəv.lʲɪtˈvɔ.rʲɪ.tʲɪlʲ.nə.jʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- не- /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowels. The 'е' is pronounced as /ɪ/ due to vowel reduction in an unstressed position.
- у- /ʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-initial syllable. 'у' is reduced to /ʊ/.
- дов- /dɔv/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'дв' is permissible within a syllable.
- лет- /lʲɪt/ - Closed syllable. Rule: 'л' is palatalized before 'е'. 'е' is reduced to /ɪ/.
- во- /vɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-initial syllable.
- ри- /rʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: 'р' is palatalized before 'и'.
- тель- /tʲɪlʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Palatalization of 'т' before 'е'.
- но- /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-initial syllable. 'о' is reduced to /ə/.
- ю /jʊ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: 'ю' functions as a single phoneme /jʊ/ in this position.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification allows for some flexibility, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the breakdown above adheres to the most common and accepted patterns. The palatalization of consonants before front vowels (е, и, ю, я) is a crucial factor.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were part of a verb form (which is unlikely given the ending), the stress might shift, and syllabification could be slightly altered.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: неудовлетворительною
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "Unsatisfactory"
- "Poor"
- "Deficient"
- Translation: Unsatisfactory
- Synonyms: плохой (plokhoy) - bad, неважный (nevazhnyy) - unimportant
- Antonyms: удовлетворительною (udovletvoritel'noyu) - satisfactory
- Examples: "Его работа была неудовлетворительною." (Ego rabota byla neudovletvoritel'noyu.) - "His work was unsatisfactory."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slightly different degrees of vowel reduction. However, the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- удовлетворительный (udovletvoritel'nyy): у-дов-лет-во-ри-тель-ный. Similar structure, stress on 'ри'.
- недостаточный (nedostatochnyy): не-до-ста-точ-ный. Similar prefix 'не-', stress on 'точ'.
- ответственный (otvetstvennyy): от-вет-ствен-ный. Similar suffix '-тель', stress on 'ствен'.
These comparisons demonstrate the consistent application of syllabification rules based on vowel placement and permissible consonant clusters. The differences in stress placement are determined by morphological structure and lexical rules.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.