Hyphenation ofоткомандировывавшеюся
Syllable Division:
от-ко-ман-ди-ро-вы-вав-ше-ю-ся
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐt kɐmɐnʲdʲɪrɐˈvavʂɨjʊsʲæ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0
Primary stress falls on the 'ко' syllable of the root 'командирова-'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, stressed.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, palatalization of 'д'
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, palatalization of 'с'
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: от-
Native Russian, indicates completion/separation
Root: командирова-
French origin ('commander'), core meaning of sending on a mission
Suffix: -вш-ею-ся
Native Russian, past participle formation, gender/case marking, reflexive particle
Having been sent on a business trip
Translation: having been sent on a business trip
Examples:
"Откомандированная в другой город сотрудница успешно выполнила задание."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'командирова-' and similar suffix structure.
Similar prefix 'от-' and suffix '-вшийся', demonstrating consistent syllabification.
Similar suffix structure '-вавшая', illustrating consistent vowel-consonant syllable division.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Russian syllabification prioritizes creating open syllables (ending in a vowel) by breaking consonant clusters.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction (akan'e and ikan'e) can vary regionally but doesn't affect the core syllabification.
The long sequence of vowels in the suffix doesn't alter the application of the open syllable principle.
Summary:
The word 'откомандировывавшеюся' is syllabified based on the open syllable principle, breaking consonant clusters to maximize vowel-final syllables. The primary stress falls on the root syllable 'ко'. It's a complex verbal adjective meaning 'having been sent on a business trip', derived from the verb 'командировать'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "откомандировывавшеюся" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "откомандировывавшеюся" is a complex verbal adjective (participle) in Russian, derived from the verb "командировать" (to send on a business trip). Its pronunciation is challenging due to the long sequence of vowels and consonants. It's crucial to consider vowel reduction (akan'e and ikan'e) in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- от- (prefix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Indicates separation or completion of the action.
- командирова- (root): Origin - French "commander" (via German). Function - Core meaning related to sending on a mission.
- -вш- (suffix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Past active participle formation.
- -ею- (suffix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Gender and case marking (feminine singular, instrumental case).
- -ся (reflexive particle/suffix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Indicates a passive or reflexive action, or completion of the action.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the root syllable: ко-ман-ди-ро-вы-вав-ше-ю-ся.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐt kɐmɐnʲdʲɪrɐˈvavʂɨjʊsʲæ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule(s) Applied | Description | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| от | /ɐt/ | Rule 1: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. | Open syllable. | None |
| ко | /kɐ/ | Rule 1: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. | Open syllable, stressed. | None |
| ман | /mɐn/ | Rule 1: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. | Open syllable. | None |
| ди | /dʲɪ/ | Rule 1: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. | Open syllable. Palatalization of 'д' due to following 'и'. | None |
| ро | /rɐ/ | Rule 1: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. | Open syllable. | None |
| вы | /vɨ/ | Rule 1: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. | Open syllable. | None |
| вав | /vav/ | Rule 1: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. | Open syllable. | None |
| ше | /ʂɨ/ | Rule 1: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. | Open syllable. | None |
| ю | /jʊ/ | Rule 1: Vowel follows consonant. | Open syllable. | None |
| ся | /sʲæ/ | Rule 1: Vowel follows consonant. | Open syllable. Palatalization of 'с' due to following 'я'. | None |
Rule 1: Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing open syllables (syllables ending in a vowel). Consonant clusters are broken to create these open syllables.
7. Edge Case Review:
The long sequence of vowels in the suffix "-вывавшеюся" presents a challenge. However, the rule of maximizing open syllables consistently applies.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word functions as a verbal adjective (participle) modifying a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- откомандировывавшеюся (otkomandirovyvavsheyusya)
- Part of Speech: Verbal Adjective (Participle)
- Definitions:
- "Having been sent on a business trip."
- "That has been dispatched on official duty."
- Translation: "having been sent on a business trip"
- Synonyms: командированная (komandirovannaya - sent on a business trip)
- Antonyms: оставшаяся (ostavshayasya - remaining)
- Examples: "Откомандированная в другой город сотрудница успешно выполнила задание." ("The employee sent on a business trip to another city successfully completed the task.")
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Vowel reduction (akan'e and ikan'e) can vary slightly depending on the region and speaker. However, the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| командировка (komandirovka) | ко-ман-ди-ров-ка | Similar root and suffix structure. Syllabification follows the same open syllable principle. |
| отправлявшийся (otpravlyavshiysya) | от-прав-ляв-ший-ся | Similar prefix and suffix structure. Demonstrates consistent application of consonant cluster breaking. |
| прибывавшая (pribyvavshaya) | при-бы-вав-шая | Similar suffix structure. Illustrates consistent vowel-consonant syllable division. |
The syllable division in these words consistently adheres to the open syllable principle and the breaking of consonant clusters before vowels, demonstrating the rule's reliability.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.