Hyphenation ofоткомандировывавшуюся
Syllable Division:
от-ко-ман-ди-ро-вы-вав-шую-ся
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐt.kɐ.mɐn.dʲɪ.rɐ.vɨ.vɐv.ˈʂu.ɕːə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
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Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable (ман-ди-ро-вы-вав-шую-ся).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset 't'
Open syllable, onset 'k'
Closed syllable, onset 'm', coda 'n'
Open syllable, onset 'dʲ', palatalization
Open syllable, onset 'r'
Open syllable, onset 'v'
Open syllable, onset 'v', consonant cluster resolution
Closed syllable, onset 'ʂ', coda 'ɕːə', stressed
Open syllable, onset 'ɕː'
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: от-
Native Slavic, indicates direction away from
Root: командирова-
Derived from French 'commander'
Suffix: -выва-
Native Slavic, iterative/durative aspect
Having been sent on an official assignment.
Translation: having been dispatched
Examples:
"Откомандированная в другой город сотрудница успешно выполнила задание."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'командирова-' and similar morphological structure.
Shares the root 'командирова-' and similar morphological structure.
Shares the prefix 'от-' and similar suffix structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximizing Onsets
Prioritizing the creation of syllables with consonant onsets.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Breaking up consonant clusters to create pronounceable syllables (e.g., 'вш' -> 'вав').
Vowel-Consonant Syllabification
Syllables generally end with a vowel sound.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'ю'.
The 'вш' cluster split is standard but can have minor variations.
Summary:
The word 'откомандировывавшуюся' is a complex Russian past active participle syllabified into nine syllables with stress on the fifth. It's built from a prefix, a French-derived root, and several Slavic suffixes. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules of maximizing onsets and resolving consonant clusters.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "откомандировывавшуюся" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "откомандировывавшуюся" is a highly inflected form of a verb, specifically the feminine singular past active participle. It's a complex word built from a verb prefix, a root, and a series of suffixes. Pronunciation involves a series of vowel reductions typical of unstressed syllables in Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
от-ко-ман-ди-ро-вы-вав-шую-ся
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: от- (from) - Native Slavic origin, functions as a separable prefix indicating direction away from or completion of an action.
- Root: -командирова- (to send on official business) - Derived from the French "commander" (to command), borrowed into Russian.
- Suffixes:
- -выва- (iterative/durative aspect) - Native Slavic, indicates a repeated or prolonged action.
- -вш- (past participle marker) - Native Slavic, forms the past active participle.
- -ую (feminine singular ending) - Native Slavic, indicates gender and number.
- -ся (reflexive/passive particle) - Native Slavic, indicates a reflexive or passive construction.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: ма́н-ди-ро-вы-вав-шую-ся.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐt.kɐ.mɐn.dʲɪ.rɐ.vɨ.vɐv.ˈʂu.ɕːə/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that creates pronounceable syllables. The 'вш' cluster is a common point of syllabification, and in this case, it's split as 'вав-шую'.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is a past active participle, functioning as an adjective modifying a noun. The syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A feminine singular past active participle meaning "having been sent on an official assignment."
- Translation: "having been dispatched," "having been sent on a business trip."
- Grammatical Category: Past Active Participle (Adjective)
- Synonyms: командированная (commanded, dispatched - short form adjective)
- Antonyms: None directly applicable, as it describes an action.
- Examples: "Откомандированная в другой город сотрудница успешно выполнила задание." (The employee dispatched to another city successfully completed the task.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- командировка (komandirovka - business trip): ко-ман-ди-ров-ка. Similar syllable structure, stress on the second syllable.
- командовать (komandovat - to command): ко-ман-до-вать. Similar root, stress on the second syllable.
- отправлявшаяся (otpravlyavshayasya - having been sent): от-прав-ляв-шая-ся. Similar prefix and suffix structure, stress pattern differs.
The differences in stress placement are due to the varying length and morphological structure of each word. The core syllable division principles remain consistent.
Detailed Syllable Analysis:
Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Syllable Division Rule | Exceptions/Special Cases |
---|---|---|---|---|
от | /ɐt/ | Open syllable, onset 't' | Maximizing Onsets | None |
ко | /kɐ/ | Open syllable, onset 'k' | Maximizing Onsets | None |
ман | /mɐn/ | Closed syllable, onset 'm', coda 'n' | Maximizing Onsets | None |
ди | /dʲɪ/ | Open syllable, onset 'dʲ' | Maximizing Onsets | Palatalization of 'd' before 'и' |
ро | /rɐ/ | Open syllable, onset 'r' | Maximizing Onsets | None |
вы | /vɨ/ | Open syllable, onset 'v' | Maximizing Onsets | None |
вав | /vɐv/ | Open syllable, onset 'v' | Consonant Cluster Resolution | 'вш' cluster split |
шую | /ˈʂu.ɕːə/ | Closed syllable, onset 'ʂ', coda 'ɕːə' | Maximizing Onsets | Palatalization of 'ш' before 'ю' |
ся | /ɕːə/ | Open syllable, onset 'ɕː' | Maximizing Onsets | None |
Division Rules Applied:
- Maximizing Onsets: Prioritizing the creation of syllables with consonant onsets.
- Consonant Cluster Resolution: Breaking up consonant clusters to create pronounceable syllables (e.g., 'вш' -> 'вав').
- Vowel-Consonant Syllabification: Syllables generally end with a vowel sound.
Special Considerations:
- The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian pronunciation and affects the phonetic realization of the syllables.
- Palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'ю' influences the phonetic transcription.
- The 'вш' cluster is a common point of variation in syllabification, but the 'вав-шую' split is standard.
Short Analysis:
The word "откомандировывавшуюся" is a complex Russian past active participle. It is syllabified into nine syllables: от-ко-ман-ди-ро-вы-вав-шую-ся, with stress on the fifth syllable. The word's morphemic structure reveals a prefix, a French-derived root, and several native Slavic suffixes. Syllabification follows the principles of maximizing onsets and resolving consonant clusters.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.