Hyphenation ofсверхчувствительных

Linguistic Analysis of "сверхчувствительных" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "сверхчувствительных" (sverkhchuvstvitel'nykh) is an adjective meaning "hyper-sensitive" or "overly sensitive." It's a relatively complex word formed through prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, palatalization, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows:

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: сверх- (sverkh-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Intensifier, meaning "super-" or "over-".
• Root: чувств- (chuvstv-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic *čьstvъ. Function: Relates to feeling, sensation, or sensitivity.
• Suffix: -ительн- (-itel'n-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms adjectives denoting quality or capability.
• Suffix: -ых (-ykh) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Genitive plural ending for adjectives.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: сверх-чув-стви-тель-ных.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈsʲvʲerxˌt͡ɕufstvʲɪˈtʲelʲnɨx/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• сверх (sverkh) - /ˈsʲvʲerx/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken after the first consonant if it's followed by a vowel. Exception: Palatalized consonants tend to stay with the following vowel.
• чув (chuv) - /t͡ɕuf/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant.
• стви (stvi) - /stʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel 'и' is considered a syllable nucleus.
• тель (tel') - /ˈtʲelʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant.
• ных (nykh) - /ˈnɨx/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant.

7. Edge Case Review:

The cluster "ств" (stv) is a common occurrence in Russian and is generally split as shown. The palatalization of consonants before 'и' is crucial for accurate pronunciation.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., if used attributively or predicatively).

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: сверхчувствительных (sverkhchuvstvitel'nykh)
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (plural, genitive case)
• Translation: hyper-sensitive, overly sensitive, extremely sensitive
• Synonyms: очень чувствительных (ochen' chuvstvitel'nykh - very sensitive), излишне чувствительных (ilishne chuvstvitel'nykh - excessively sensitive)
• Antonyms: нечувствительных (nechuvstvitel'nykh - insensitive), равнодушных (ravnodushnykh - indifferent)
• Example: "Она была сверхчувствительной к критике." (Ona byla sverkhchuvstvitel'noy k kritike.) - "She was hypersensitive to criticism."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. However, the syllable division remains consistent.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• чувствительный (chuvstvitel'nyy): чув-стви-тель-ный (chuv-stvi-tel'-nyy) - Similar structure, stress on 'тель'.
• ответственный (otvetstvennyy): от-вет-ствен-ный (ot-vet-stven-nyy) - Similar consonant clusters, stress on 'ствен'.
• интеллектуальный (intellektual'nyy): ин-тел-лек-ту-аль-ный (in-tel-lek-tu-al'-nyy) - More syllables, but demonstrates the same principles of consonant cluster breaking and vowel reduction.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the varying number of morphemes and the presence of different consonant clusters. The core rules of syllable division remain consistent across these words.